The bones, which also produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide the body structure and support, and allow motion, protect the body's other organs.
Bones come in a range of shapes and sizes and have complex internal and exterior systems. They have a number of uses and are both light and sturdy. A group of specialized bone cells weave a complicated web of bonded minerals and a flexible matrix, which together make up around 70% of bone and prevent it from being evenly solid. Bones' distinctive make-up and structure enable them to be reasonably strong and hard while still being light.
The elastic collagen fibres, also known as ossein, make up 90 to 95% of the bone matrix, with the remaining material being crushed up. Collagen's flexibility increases fracture resistance. The binding of the inorganic mineral salt calcium phosphate into the chemical structure known as bone mineral, a kind of calcium hydroxyapatite, hardens the matrix. The mineralization process is what gives bones their stiffness.
Through the course of life, certain bone cells called osteoblasts and osteoclasts actively build and remodel bone. The tissue is intertwined into two basic patterns called cortical and cancellous bone, each with a distinct appearance and properties, within any given bone.
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The ______________produces gastrin that activates secretion of hcl and pepsinogen within itself.
Stomach
The stomach produces gastrin that activates the secretion of HCl and pepsinogen within itself.
What is the role of stomach in digestion?The esophagus transports food to the stomach. Once there, the stomach aids in food digestion through muscle contractions and chemical enzymes.
The stomach is made up of three layers: an outward longitudinal layer that mechanically breaks down food, a center circular layer, and an oblique layer.
Food is further broken down by acids like hydrochloric acid creating a fluid called chyme. By secreting stomach acids, a network of cells, including parietal cells, chief cells, G-cells, mucous neck cells, and D-cells, aid in the chemical digestion of food.
Food can also be stored in the stomach until it is digested further down the digestive system.
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In the months preceding birth, the hormone which causes pelvic ligaments to become more flexible to enable widening of the pelvis during delivery is ________.
In the months preceding birth, the hormone which causes pelvic ligaments to become more flexible to enable widening of the pelvis during delivery is relaxin.
What is relaxin hormone?The ovary and placenta both generate the hormone relaxin, which has significant effects on the female reproductive system and on pregnancy. It loosens the ligaments in the pelvis and softens and opens the cervix in order to prepare for childbirth.Progesterone starts to come out of the corpus luteum, and it combines with relaxin to thicken the uterine lining, aiding in the implantation of the fertilized egg.In both pregnant and nonpregnant females, the corpus luteum is principally responsible for producing relaxin. During pregnancy, its plasma levels are at their peak. The decidua and placenta both manufacture relaxin during this state. Relaxin is produced in the prostate and released into the seminal fluid in males.Learn more about hormone here:
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Why can the researches of Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek be considered the beginnings of microscopy and microbiology
Answer:
Biology is the study of living things and their processes of life. Both Hooke and Van Leeuwenhoek made major, early contributions to biology.
Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke is best known for the discovery of the cell. Using a microscope, Hooke looked at the makeup of a piece of cork. Through the microscope, he saw box-like structures. What he saw would later be known as cell walls. He discovered that these structures were cells, the building blocks of all life.
His discovery and future research contributed greatly to the cell theory.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Leeuwenhoek made his discovery after Hooke, but it was still important. He is best known for the discovery of bacteria. Unlike Hooke, Leeuwenhoek did not study plant cells; instead, he focused on protists (like amoebas) and prokaryotes (like bacteria). For his work with unicellular organisms, he is often called the "Father of Microbiology."
The hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to?
The hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to duodenal pH changes
What are hormones?Hormones can be defined as those chemical substances or messangers which are produced by the endocrine glands and are released to the sites where they are needed in the body.
Below are examples of some hormones:
AdrenalineAldosteroneInsulinGlucagonAntidiuretic hormoneSo therefore, the hormone secretin is released by endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to low duodenal pH changes
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NMDA receptors multiplicatively scale visual signals and enhance directional motion discrimination in retinal ganglion cells
The given statement that NMDA receptors multiplicatively scale visual signals and enhance directional motion discrimination in retinal ganglion cells holds True
What is the role of NMDARs in synaptic processing?Postsynaptic responses in many CNS neurons are typically small and variable, often making it difficult to distinguish physiologically relevant signals from background noise. To extract salient information, neurons are thought to integrate multiple synaptic inputs and/or selectively amplify specific synaptic activation patterns. Here, we present evidence for a third strategy: directionally selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) in the mouse retina multiplicatively scale visual signals via a mechanism that requires both nonlinear NMDA receptor (NMDAR) conductance in DSGC dendrites and directionally tuned inhibition provided by the upstream retinal circuitry. Postsynaptic multiplication enables DSGCs to discriminate visual motion more accurately in noisy visual conditions without compromising directional tuning. These findings demonstrate a novel role for NMDARs in synaptic processing and provide new insights into how synaptic and network features interact to accomplish physiologically relevant neural computations.
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Why does the invasive brown treesnake have a negative effect on the biodiversity of guam?
If brown tree snake or Boiga irregularis was introduced to Guam it can caused the mass extinction of most of the island's native bird and native lizard species. with the decrease in native pollinators their will be a huge decline in plant species in guam.
The brown tree snake is considered as ecological threat on the island of Guam, where it has swallow up nearly all the native birds since its accidental introduction more than 70 years ago. These brown tree snake was introduced to Guam in the mid of 1940's and has caused the functional extinction of all native forest birds and lizard species. To save the Guam's remaining birds, researchers placed nests on top of smooth poles so that no snake could climb.
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3. Which of the following statements is NOT true about birds?
O All birds breathe using lungs.
O All birds have feathers.
O All birds are endothermic.
All birds are capable of flight.
Answer:
D. All birds are capable of flight
Explanation:
All birds are capable of flight is a false statement.
An example of a bird that cannot fly is an Ostrich.
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The cosmetologist must receive _____ instruction in order to properly perform extraction of clogged pores and comedones.
Cosmetologist should get hands on instruction in order to properly perform extraction of clogged pores and comedones.
Because providing skin care requires knowledge of facials, cosmetologists should study this subject.services assist consumers in unwinding, and having a fundamental understanding of skin care will let you to give guidance.Knowing the fundamentals will enable you to identify situations where a prescription may be necessary when requested.
understanding the fundamentals will enable you to provide the foundational services in medical care, andYou might find it so enjoyable that you decide to focus on skin care.The most crucial component of facial treatment is skin analysis, which establishes the skin type,ailment, and suggested medical care.
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The flowers that alisoun is compared to - primroses and pig's eyes - as well as the joke she plays on absolon all emphasize what aspect of her character?
Flowers that Alisoun is compared to - primroses and pig's eyes - as well as the joke she plays on Absolon all emphasize her as a lustful young thing, says the narrator.
Just as she's a piggesnye "fit" to be laid in a lord's bed and a colt ready to be tamed.
These metaphors have the effect of turning Alisoun into an object that's meant to be ravaged by the men around, rather than a person who makes her own decisions about her sexuality.
Alisoun's character borrows a lot from misogynistic stereotypes about women, which portrayed them as dangerously lustful liars and cheats.
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Which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component.
That depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component is DNA → RNA → protein.
The pathway for the flow of genetic information-
In biological systems, the basic flow of genetic information is sometimes represented with a diagram known as "the central dogma". According to this model, transcription converts DNA information into RNA, which is then translated into proteins.Which of the following best describes the flow of information in cells?
Gene-specific DNA sections are copied to create mRNA. mRNA provides a code that specifies the order of amino acids in a protein, and ribosomes employ this code as instructions.The correct order for the flow of information in cells-
According to the core dogma, the information pattern that occurs in our cells the most commonly is: From existing DNA to produce new DNA (DNA replication) New RNA is created from DNA (transcription) to create new proteins from RNA (translation).
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A researcher collects what appears to be a new species in a freshwater stream. Microscopic analysis shows the presence of chloroplasts, mitochondria, a defined nucleus, and a cellulose-based cell wall. Individual cells cluster to form colonies, but the colony lacks any true tissue or organ formations. This new species most likely belongs in which of the following kingdoms
According to the research, this new species most likely belongs to the Protista kingdom since it has a defined nucleus.
What is the Protista kingdom?They are unicellular or multicellular microorganisms that, for the most part, feed autotrophically, and that, on the other hand, cannot be included in the remaining three kingdoms of eukaryotes.
It can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic by photosynthesis, although many of them combine both forms of nutrition and have chloroplasts, mitochondria, a defined nucleus, among other structures.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, this new species most likely belongs to the Protista kingdom since it has a defined nucleus.
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The space in the chest between the lungs is called the?
Answer:
The mediastinum is the space of the chest and between the lungs
The ________ valve opens when left ventricular pressure exceeds aortic blood pressure.
The Aortic valve opens when left ventricular pressure exceeds aortic blood pressure.
The pulmonary valve and aortic valve, two one-way valves that divide the ventricles from the main arteries, are known as semilunar valves. The pulmonary valve divides the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery, while the aortic valve divides the left ventricle from the aorta.
when the semilunar valves open and the ventricular pressure surpasses the arterial pressure, they are injected into the major arteries. However, arterial pressure rises when the ventricles relax.
The semilunar valves close due to ventricular pressure. Because of the increased pressures in the seal semilunar valve, the aorta, and the pulmonary artery force the flow back toward the ventricles.
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The thin skin that appears to form on water’s surface occurs because of
The thin skin that appears to form on the water’s surface occurs because of capillarity.
What is capillarity?Capillarity is a physical property of water (H2O) associated with the movement of its molecules.
Capillarity refers to the propensity of water molecules to ascend and decay due to surface tension.
In conclusion, the thin skin that appears to form on the water is due to capillarity.
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write the role of HCL in digestion
Answer:
Hydrochloric acid contributes to protein digestion by supplying H+ which activates pepsinogen, the precursor to pepsin. Pepsinogen is secreted by chief cells in the gastric glands of the body and antrum of the stomach.
Explanation:
˙˚ʚ(´◡`)ɞ˚˙
Answer:
Activates pepsin enzyme
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are digested into maltose in the mouth and protein digestion begins in the stomach. In the stomach, food undergoes chemical as well as physical digestion.Due to the peristaltic action of the muscles the bolus breaks up in the stomach wall and mixes well into a chyme. ( Physical digestion )Several secretions flow into the stomach. It is collectively known as gastric juice.Also the juice contains pepsin and HCL acid.Here, the enzyme pepsin acts on the proteins in the food and forms polypeptides, which are intermediate products of life. ( Chemical digestion )And the function of the HCL acid is to stimulate pepsin enzyme and make it activeIf you were able to look very closely at a portion of dna and find methylated histones, you would:___.
If you were able to look very closely at a portion of dna and find methylated histones, you would be looking at a region of inactive chromatin.
Histone methylation is the process by which methyl groups are added to the histone protein amino acids, which create the nucleosomes around which the DNA double helix coils to form chromosomes.Histone methylation is the addition of one, two, or three methyl groups to certain amino acids within a histone protein. Histones are coiled around DNA in the cell nucleus.These findings collectively imply that DNA methylation can be either active—as a probable contributor to levels of gene expression variation—or passive—as a result of or a separate indicator of gene expression levels.learn more about methylated histones here: https://brainly.com/question/14643590
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4. Which of these is an example of a vertebrate?
snails
frogs
sea stars
squid
Frogs are the vertebrates as they possess a backbone. The others fall under invertebrates as they do not possess a backbone.
Animals can be classified based on the presence or absence of a backbone. Vertebrates are animals with a backbone.
Vertebrates are classified into five subgroups:
Mammals : Mammals are warm blooded vertebrate animals that possess mammary glands and feed their young ones with the milk produced from their mammary glands. Example : cats, dogs etc.Birds : Birds are warm blooded vertebrate animals that have the ability to lay eggs and possess a beak, feathers and a lightweight skeleton. Example : pigeon, eagle etc.Reptiles : Reptiles are cold blooded vertebrate animals that possess limbs. dry scales on their skin and can also lay eggs. Example : crocodile, tortoises etc. Amphibians : Amphibians are also cold blooded vertebrate animals that spend their lives partly in water and partly in land. Example : frogs, salamanders etc.Fish : Fish are cold blooded vertebrate animals that live in water, possess fins and gills and can produce eggs. Example : sharks, catfish etc.Learn more about vertebrates at
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Answer:
Frogs
Explanation:
I took the quiz and got it right! Hope this helps!! :)
Create a list of environmental factors that may affect the race of gas production in the aquatic plant in Model I. These factors could become variables in an experiment.
Environmental factors like light, temperature, water, humidity, and nutrition may have an impact on the aquatic plant's ability to produce gases.
Temperature, food, pollutants, population density, sound, light, and parasites are a few examples of environmental influences. Numerous other types of stress may have effects that are comparable to those produced by the variety of environmental factors that have been demonstrated to induce asymmetry.
Environmental factors have an impact on daily life and are a major contributor to health disparities between regions. Any biotic or abiotic component that affects living creatures is referred to as an environmental factor, ecological factor, or eco factor. The temperature outside, the amount of sunlight, and the pH of the soil and water where an organism dwells are examples of abiotic factors.
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During conception there are three stages. What takes place during the second stage which is fertilization?.
Answer:
well the sperm fertilises the egg or zygote
1: At what level of visual processing is a visual illusion created?
2: how are blind spots and visual illusions related?
A psychological phenomenon known as a visual illusion is characterised by a perception that seems to deviate from objective reality. Visual illusions are perceived during the process of establishing size constancy from a two-dimensional retinal image in visual processing. Thus, the perception of visual illusions involves both low-level and high-level vision.
There is evidence to show that the illusion, which refers to a region of space that is invisible owing to occlusion (a blind spot), is still caused by visual mechanisms and can be just as convincing and potent as common visual illusions.
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The study of any species, human included, is aided by comparison of fossil structures to modern ones of known function. In addition, we infer human activities and abilities from the objects they leave behind. In this laboratory, you will make inferences from the various sources of evidence we have for the history of human form and behavior.
Human ancestors are the study of any species, human included and is aided by the comparison of fossil structures to modern ones of known function. In addition, we infer human activities and abilities from the objects they leave behind.
Although paleontologists, the study of ancient human ancestors is a subfield of evolutionary biology, it is more commonly known as paleoanthropology since, for a large portion of the evolution of humans, cultural evolution followed biological evolution.
Researchers and students can examine the variations in brain and body size, locomotion, food, and other characteristics of the early human species way of life during the last 6 million years thanks to thousands of human ancestors' fossils. The oldest undisputed hominid, anamensis, has fossils that date back as far as 4.2 million years.
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Which substance is administered to suppress inflammation and as an immunosuppressant?
The Cortisone substance is administered to suppress inflammation and as an immunosuppressant.
In controlling inflammation, the major effect of corticosteroids is to inhibit the synthesis of multiple inflammatory proteins through suppression of the genes that encode them.
Cortisone is a type of medication called a corticosteroid. Doctors use these drugs to treat inflammation (swelling) caused by injury and illness. Sometimes cortisone shots are called corticosteroid shots.
Corticosteroids are a fast-acting class of drugs that can reduce inflammation and overactive immune system responses. Corticosteroids bind to the glucocorticoid receptor, inhibiting pro-inflammatory signals, and promoting anti-inflammatory signals. The duration of action is moderate as it is generally given once daily.
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What would happen to a cell exposed to the toxins in tobacco smoke if it had the right receptors to respond?
If a cell exposed to the toxins in tobacco smoke if it had the right receptors to respond, It would activate or inactivate an enzyme.
Many studies have been undertaken to reveal how tobacco smoke skews immune responses contributing to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other lung diseases.
Cigarette smoking induces the activity of human cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A2 and 2B6. These enzymes metabolize several clinically important drugs.
The drugs metabolized by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and UGT enzymes might be affected by tobacco smoking and enzymes, may need higher doses due to decreased plasma concentrations.
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Which type of tissue is strong in one direction, but can rupture if lots of force is applied to the opposite direction of the fibers
Answer: I think it is Bone
Explanation:
Describe the normal ventilation cycle of inspiration and expiration?
In common terms, the ventilation cycle is known as “Breathing” and its cycle is in and out movement of air from the lungs. Inspiration is defined as airflow inside the lung and expiration is when the air leaves the lungs with a small pause between inspiration and expiration known as the rest period.
For the body to get oxygen and expel carbon dioxide, inspiration (breathing in) and expiration (breathing out) are essential actions. Expiration is often passive unless it is pushed, whereas inspiration involves the active contraction of muscles, such as the diaphragm.
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The skull is composed of two distinct groups of bones: the cranial bones and the facial bones.
a) true
b) false
Answer:
true
Explanation:
as they are the bones that make up your face
Which layer has stem cells that undergo cell division to continually produce new keratinocytes?.
Answer:
The Basal layer
Tons of biodegradable soild waste are produced each day in cities suggest some ways to change waste into energy.
Explanation:
l if you produce by the graduable waste you can send it for recycling into composed you can delete by the industrial scale by composting and idhar composting and array big digestion a d composting is more suitable for 5 days material 8 is more suitable for which basis and sliding is
blood carries _____ to the other organs in the body
Blood from the GI tract within the hepatic portal system must travel through the liver so that ______.
Answer:
digested nutrients can be absorbed and processed
harmful agents can be detoxified.
Explanation: