Create two new variables trainnmat and testnmat which contain the L2-normalized versions of train and test respectively. L2-normalization should be performed across each row r of the train and test matrices, so that:
Vr^21 +r^22+..+r^2n = 1 However, you must compute the L2-normalized matrices using numpy and scipy.sparse operations, using the scikit-learn normalize function to generate your answer is not valid. Also ensure that your output matrix is still sparse. Many Numpy operations will either fail or convert CSR matrices to dense matrices. We prefer to keep this matrix in CSR format for the duration of this lab. The documentation for the following sparse matrix function may useful for you: • scipy.sparse.csr_matrix Docs • scipy.sparse.csr_matrix.sum Docs
• scipy.sparse.csr_matrix. power Docs • scipy.sparse.spdiags Docs Above we have already imported scipy.sparse as sp HINT: For both train and test you need to structure your normalization as a matrix multiply operation. Start by creating a diagonal matrix where the squared sums of each row are along the diagonal elements. [46]: [47]: trainnmat - testnmat = |

Answers

Answer 1

The results in the L2-normalized versions of the train and test matrices, stored in the trainnmat and testnmat variables, respectively. These matrices should still be in CSR format, as requested.

Here is a possible implementation of the requested code:

import numpy as np

import scipy.sparse as sp

# assuming train and test are already defined and are sparse CSR matrices

train_sum = sp.csr_matrix(np.array(train.power(2).sum(axis=1)).flatten())

test_sum = sp.csr_matrix(np.array(test.power(2).sum(axis=1)).flatten())

train_diag = sp.spdiags(1 / np.sqrt(train_sum), 0, train.shape[0], train.shape[0])

test_diag = sp.spdiags(1 / np.sqrt(test_sum), 0, test.shape[0], test.shape[0])

trainnmat = train_diag.dot(train)

testnmat = test_diag.dot(test)

Explanation:

First, we calculate the L2 norm of each row of the train and test matrices by summing their squared values using the power and sum methods of sparse matrices, and flattening the resulting array using NumPy's flatten function. The power method squares all elements of the matrix, while the sum method sums the elements along the rows, resulting in a 1D array of row sums.

Then, we create diagonal matrices where the diagonal elements are the reciprocal of the square root of the row sums, as per the L2 normalization formula. We use the spdiags function from SciPy to create sparse diagonal matrices, specifying the diagonal offset as 0 and the matrix dimensions as the number of rows in the original matrices.

Finally, we perform a matrix multiplication between each diagonal matrix and its respective original matrix, using the dot method of the sparse matrices. This results in the L2-normalized versions of the train and test matrices, stored in the trainnmat and testnmat variables, respectively. These matrices should still be in CSR format, as requested.

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Answer 2

To create the L2-normalized versions of the train and test matrices using sparse operations in NumPy and SciPy, you can follow the steps below:

The Steps to follow

import numpy as np

from scipy.sparse import csr_matrix, spdiags

# Compute L2-normalized train matrix

squared_sum_train = np.square(train).sum(axis=1)  # Compute the squared sum of each row

diag_train = spdiags(1 / np.sqrt(squared_sum_train), 0, train.shape[0], train.shape[0])  # Create diagonal matrix

trainnmat = csr_matrix(diag_train train)  # Perform matrix multiplication

# Compute L2-normalized test matrix

squared_sum_test = np.square(test).sum(axis=1)  # Compute the squared sum of each row

diag_test = spdiags(1 / np.sqrt(squared_sum_test), 0, test.shape[0], test.shape[0])  # Create diagonal matrix

testnmat = csr_matrix(diag_test test)  # Perform matrix multiplication

The initial step of the code involves calculating the sum of squares of every row in both the train and test matrices, utilizing np.square and np.sum while taking into account the relevant axis.

Next, diag_train and diag_test are formed using spdiags, wherein the diagonal cells are populated with the inverted square root of the sum of squares.

In conclusion, we utilize the "at" symbol to conduct matrix multiplication on diag_train (or diag_test) and matched matrix (train or test), which results in obtaining trainnmat and testnmat - the sparse matrices that have been L2-normalized.

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Related Questions

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Answer:

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Answer:

New contact created does not generate a desktop alert by default.

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edg.2021

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Answer:

The program only runs 5 five since the for loop statement is limited to loop only five times.

Explanation:

In programming, a for-loop statement is used to repeat a collection of events a definite number of times. The number of loops is specified and compared with a variable to execute a block of code.

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Whats the difference between Input and Output? Give and example of an example on a M:B​

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Answer:

Entrar en algún lugar no es como irse de algún lugar, o qué tipo de pregunta significa para mi acción

What is the result of the following code fragment?
BigInteger a = new BigInteger ("10");
BigInteger b = new BigInteger ("25");
a.multiply(b);
a.add(b);
System.out.println(a);


A. 10
B. 35
C. 250
D. 275

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

I don't know the language, but it is clear what is going on.

It looks like you are defining a value for a in both commands.

a.multiply(b); looks like you take the value in a (which is 10) multiply it by 25 and put the result back in a. So so far we have 10 * 25 = 250

Note the next command

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looks like you take the current value in a(which is now 250)

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The answer is D. Since I only understand the logic, if this answer is wrong, I wish you'd leave a note.

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Answers

Answer:

La respuesta es b: circular

Explanation:

Las ruedas dentadas tienen dientes que rodean a todo el perímetro de la rueda , esto logra que las ruedas dentadas entren en contacto entre ellas sin causar fricción,el movimiento que realizan es circular.

PLS HELP
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b. if you save it as an “image” and give it a new name.
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d. you cannot copy any photograph, artwork, or image without permission.

Answers

Answer:

1. so that it may be archived

2.to pass out to all your students

3.if you relate it to your lessons

4.as long as you've purchased it and you are using it for back up copy

5.C

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Answers

Answer:

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(2)server computer.

(3)desktop computer

(4)laptop computer

(5)all in one computer

Do all careers or professions need computer science?

Answers

Answer:

no computer science is only needed for coders and engineers not for all is needed ok or one thing is that you study for your knowledge ok

Explanation:

hope it helps you

please mark me as brainlist


1. Light of wavelength 900x10-9 m is emitted by a source. What is its frequency?​

Answers

therefore the frequency = 6×10^14

The frequency of the light is "[tex]6\times 10^{14}[/tex]".

Given values:

Wavelength,

[tex]\lambda = 900\times 10^{-9} \ m[/tex]

As we know the formula,

→ [tex]Frequency = \frac{C}{\lambda}[/tex]

By substituting the values, we get

→                   [tex]= \frac{3\times 10^8}{900\times 10^{-9}}[/tex]

→                   [tex]= \frac{10^8}{300\times 10^{-9}}[/tex]

→                   [tex]= 6\times 10^{14}[/tex]

Thus the above response is correct.  

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Answers

Answer:

Assuming you mean the HTML5 head tag, then this may work for you:

<!DOCTYPE HTML>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<title>My Very Awesome Website</title>

<link href="./css/main.css" rel="stylesheet"  />

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />

</head>

<body>

<h1>Hey look</h1>

<p>This is my awesome website!</p>

<h3>Note</h3>

<p>This website is supposed to be 100% awesome!</p>

</body>

</html>

A loan of $12000 was borrowed from the bank at 14% per annum calculate the interest on the loan at the end of the first year ?​

Answers

Answer:

lmasjsjsjssjjssjjssjsjjsksakkalaaooaa

Loan borrowed = $12,000

Percentage of interest on the loan per annum = 14%

We know that :

[tex]\color{hotpink}\tt \: Simple \: interest = \color{plum}\frac{principal \times rate \times time}{100} [/tex]

In this case :

principal = $12000rate = 14%time = 1 year

Simple interest at the end of the first year :

[tex] = \tt \frac{12000 \times 14 \times 1}{100} [/tex]

[tex] = \tt \frac{168000}{100} [/tex]

[tex]\color{plum}\tt = \$1680[/tex]

Thus, interest = $1680

Therefore, total interest on the loan at the end of one year = $1680

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Answers

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

Kinetic energy can be defined as an energy possessed by an object or body due to its motion.

Mathematically, kinetic energy is given by the formula;

[tex] K.E = \frac{1}{2}MV^{2}[/tex]

Where;

K.E represents kinetic energy measured in Joules. M represents mass measured in kilograms. V represents velocity measured in metres per seconds square.

Generally, when the final velocity at which a physical object moves is equal to zero (0), then it possess maximum kinetic energy.

Hence, the letter which shows the ball when it has the maximum kinetic energy in the graph attached is D.

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Answers

Answer:

Electronic

Explanation:

Which actions changed the look of the following word?

A. The Spelling & Grammar function marked the word as an error.
B. The style of the word was set to underline.
C. The user changed the font size.
D. The word was set in italics, and then underlined.

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The actions applied to change the look of the word are:

1. It was set to italics. This can be done easily by highlighting the word => press Ctrl + I together on the keyboard.

2. Next is to set to underline. While still highlighted => press Ctrl + U together in the keyboard.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

characteristics of the printer​

Answers

Important printer characteristics include resolution, speed, color, and cache memory.

In a series circuit, resistance is?

Answers

Answer:

In a series circuit, the total resistance is equal to the sum of all resistances.

Explanation:

The same current passes through each resistor, so each resistor does its job as you would expect.

For Example:

a series circuit has a 2 Ω (ohm) resistor, a 5 Ω resistor, and a 7 Ω resistor. The total resistance of the circuit is 2 + 5 + 7 = 14 Ω.

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Answers

Answer:

HTML

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language, so HTML gives you a way to “mark up” your text with tags that tell the browser how your text is structured.

Answer:

Markup language

Explanation:

Please help!!
The following are two different images that are encoded using the same algorithm. The images are each in a 5 by 5 grid of pixels where each pixel is black, white, red, green or blue.

The image on the left gets encoded and compressed down to 21 digits while the image on the right gets compressed down to 25 digits. Although the same algorithm was used to encode and compress these images, why are the end results a different length?


The algorithm was probably used improperly in the image on the right, causing it to be a longer length than it should have been.

Because this is a lossy compression, sometimes information is lost during the compression.

The amount of size reduction from compression depends on the amount of redundancy in the original data.

The image on the right uses more colored squares and therefore requires more digits to represent the pixels.

Answers

Answer: The amount of size reduction from compression depends on the amount of redundancy in the original data.

The reason why the end results have a different length is because: C. The amount of size reduction from compression depends on the amount of redundancy in the original data.

What is a lossy compression?

A lossy compression is also referred to as irreversible compression and it can be defined as a type of data encoding (data compression algorithm) in which the data in a file such as an image, is removed by using inexact approximations, in order to reduce the amount of size of a file after decompression.

Since the same algorithm was used to encode and compress these images, the reason why the resulting images have a different length is simply because the amount of size reduction from compression depends on the amount of redundancy in the original image file (data).

Read more on lossy compression here: https://brainly.com/question/17542014

HELLLP PLEASEEEEEEEEE

Answers

Answer:

torque

a twisting or turning force.

Hope it will help :)

1. Visual design and font/background are both essential and considered vital for the success of a web. If you are the developer, which of the two will you be focused on?

Answers

Answer:

As a developer, I'd be focused on the two starting with the front end.

Explanation:

A front-end developer simply is a user-end or client-side developer. A front-end person in web design is responsible for how a website looks and feels like, essentially, the websites' users first impression.

This is a huge task and can be very daunting even for the best developers. Whilst the back-end or the engine of a website is critical and indispensable, it is important for a developer to master the principles of front-end development first as that gives him a better perspective as to how they can better create and configure a matching or suitable back end.

Most if not all are designed to achieve a particular purpose e.g.

Increase salescommunicate informationtrainingelicit information etc

The ease with which the user is able to interact with the website will determine the extent to which the purpose of the website is achieved.

Some of the qualities of a great user interface the front end developer must keep in mind are:

Clarity Conciseness Familiarity  EfficiencyConsistency Attractiveness

Back-end has to do with the part of the website called the server.

In addition to the server, there are two other critical components of the back-end of the website:

Application and Database.

Together, these three contribute to ensuring that you have a functional website. The server, application and database, all control what happens on the front end and results in what the user will see via the browser.

There are many high-functioning websites today that have very poor interfaces.  A poor interface is a guarantee that people will spend less time on the website.

Conclusively, both ends are indispensable, as with most things, however, one should seek to understand how the user thinks and feels in relation to how they like to use a website before doing into the back-end to make that possible.

Cheers

There are different kinds of designs. As a developer, my Visual design would focus more on background.

Visual design is known to be a kind of design that strike equality between unity and variety. The use of design elements to work on the background and when done properly, gives users a nice experience.

Visual design is one that act to improve the design's or the product's aesthetic feeling.

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Write a statement to declare a variable x with data type int and initialise with the value 10​

Answers

Answer:

int x = 10;

Explanation:

This would work in many languages (C/C++/C#/Java).

Larry has created a web page using HTML 4.01. He hasn’t included the declaration in the file. When he opens the page in a browser, Larry sees a page load error. Why does Larry need to use the declaration in an HTML file?
A.
to define the HTML version in which the page is written
B.
to define the web language in which the page is written
C.
to tell the browser what the content is
D.
to check whether the code is error-free

Answers

Answer:

To define the html version in which the page is written.

Pls help I’m not trying to fail this

Answers

Answer:

B makes the most sense to me

Explanation:

What was the biggest challenge you faced in getting to where you are today and how did you overcome it? Peer counseling

Answers

The biggest challenge I still am faced with today is loosing weight, it can be different for everyone but that is mine. I overcomed it by eating a lot better and not so much junk food.

Sam works in a real estate office. An offer comes in on a house but the homeowners are on vacation. He needs the homeowners to sign a document to accept the offer. What should Sam do?

Answers

Answer:

Sam should send a digital document and request a signature. The could be fax or even an image printed out, if neither is possible get in contact with eh owner and his lawyer for more help.

Explanation:

Answer:

Sam should call the homeowners’ cell phone to inform them of the offer and fax a copy of the document using the office fax machine. The homeowner should sign the document and fax it back. Sam may also conduct an Internet search to find the fax machine closest to the client.

Explanation:

got it right on edge

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