Definition of economic costs
Darnell lives in Philadelphia and runs a business that sells pianos. In an average year, he receives $842,000 from selling pianos. Of this sales revenue, he must pay the manufacturer a wholesale cost of $452,000; he also pays wages and utility bills totaling $301,000. He owns his showroom; if he chooses to rent it out, he will receive $38,000 in rent per year. Assume that the value of this showroom does not depreciate over the year. Also, if Darnell does not operate this piano business, he can work as an accountant and receive an annual salary of $48,000 with no additional monetary costs. No other costs are incurred in running this piano business.
Identify each of Darnell's costs in the following table as either an implicit cost or an explicit cost of selling pianos.
Implicit Cost
Explicit Cost
The wholesale cost for the pianos that Darnell pays the manufacturer
The salary Darnell could earn if he worked as an accountant
The wages and utility bills that Darnell pays
The rental income Darnell could receive if he chose to rent out his showroom
Complete the following table by determining Darnell's accounting and economic profit of his piano business.
Profit
(Dollars)
Accounting Profit
Economic Profit
If Darnell's goal is to maximize his economic profit, he( should, should not) stay in the piano business because the economic profit he would earn as an accountant would be $______.

Answer:

Definition of Economic Costs

Implicit and Explicit Costs:

The wholesale cost for the pianos that Darnell pays the manufacturer  Explicit Cost

The salary Darnell could earn if he worked as an accountant  Implicit Cost

The wages and utility bills that Darnell pays  Explicit Costs

The rental income Darnell could receive if he chose to rent out his showroom  Implicit Cost

Complete the following table by determining Darnell's accounting and economic profit of his piano business.

Profit

(Dollars)

Accounting Profit        $89,000

Economic Profit             $3,000 ($89,000 - 86,000)

If Darnell's goal is to maximize his economic profit, he( should, should not) stay in the piano business because the economic profit he would earn as an accountant would be $__86,000____.

This economic profit includes the rental and salary income that Darnell can earn.

Explanation:

a) Data:

Sales Revenue = $842,000

Cost of goods sold 452,000

Wages & Utilities = 301,000

Opportunity cost of showroom = $38,000

Opportunity cost of employment = $48,000

Total opportunity cost = $86,000

Profit           (Dollars)

Sales Revenue =   $842,000

Cost of goods sold 452,000

Gross profit            $390,000

Wages & Utilities =   301,000

Net Income             $89,000

Opportunity cost of showroom = $38,000

Opportunity cost of employment = $48,000

Total opportunity cost = $86,000

Champion manufactures winter fleece jackets for sale in the United States. Demand for jackets during the season is normally distributed, with a mean of 20,000 and a standard deviation of 10,000. Each jacket sells for $60 and costs $30 to produce. Any leftover jackets at the end of the season are sold for $25 at the year-end clearance sale. Holding jackets until the year-end sale adds another $5 to their cost. A recent recruit has suggested shipping leftover jackets to South America for sale in the winter there rather than running a clearance. Each jacket will fetch a price of $35 in South America, and all jackets sent there are likely to sell. Shipping costs add additional $5 to the cost of any jacket sold in South America, along with the $5 for holding jackets till the end of the season.

Required:
a. Would you recommend the South American option? Support your decision with calculations.
b. How will the South American option affect production and profitability at Champion?
c. On average, how many jackets will Champion ship to South America each season? (Note: you have already calculated this value in order to get the expected profit for the South American option.

Payton Inc. reports in its Year 7 annual report, sales of $6,544 million and cost of goods sold of $2,618 million. For next year, you project that sales will grow by 3% and that cost of goods sold percentage will be 1 percentage point higher. Projected cost of goods sold for Year 8 will be:

After conducting research, you will need to generate ideas and organize the collected data. Simple organizational techniques will help provide structure and direction as you prepare to compose. To compose simple messages, you may need only to make a scratch list of your ideas before writing. Many messages, however, may require you to make an outline to organize your thoughts. Use the scratch list to answer the question that follows.

The Boston Hotel

a. High-end linens
b. 600-thread-count sheets
c. Coffee maker with selected teas
d. Imported beer
e. Fresh-squeezed juices
f. Affordability
g. Food and drink
h. Double-thick bath towels
i. Silk pillowcases
j. Raw silk curtains with gold embellishments
k. $100/night four-star rooms
l. Free snacks, shampoo, and conditioner
m. Free wireless Internet

Required:
What are the three major components in the preceding scratch list?

1. Accrual accounting is used by the vast majority of companies. *
O
True
O False​

when the business cycle or economic activity is declining the economy is said to be what

Pargo Company is preparing its master budget for 2020. Relevant data pertaining to its sales, production, and direct materials budgets are as follows. Sales. Sales for the year are expected to total 1,900,000 units. Quarterly sales are 22%, 27%, 25%, and 26%, respectively. The sales price is expected to be $40 per unit for the first three quarters and $45 per unit beginning in the fourth quarter. Sales in the first quarter of 2021 are expected to be 10% higher than the budgeted sales for the first quarter of 2020.
Production Management desires to maintain the ending finished goods inventories at 25% of the next quarter's budgeted sales volume. Direct materials. Each unit requires 2 pounds of raw materials at a cost of $11 per pound. Management desires to maintain raw materials inventories at 10% of the next quarter's production requirements. Assume the production requirements for first quarter of 2021 are 495,000 pounds me Prepare the sales, production, and direct materials budgets by quarters for 2020

Connors Bros., a Maritime seafood products manufacturer, hopes to attract Ontario consumers for its Brunswick sardines through a campaign pushing the small fish as a positive food choice. In the campaign, Conner encouraged consumers to buy more sardines. If consumers purchased more sardines, then supermarkets would stock more sardines, thus creating _____ for the small fish.

Some recent financial statements for Smolira Golf Corp. follow.
SMOLIRA GOLF CORP.
2017 and 2018 Balance Sheets
Assets Liabilities and Owners’ Equity
2017 2018 2017 2018
Current assets Current liabilities
Cash $23,046 $25,100 Accounts payable $24,184 $28,100
Accounts
receivable 13,448 16,200 Notes payable 20,000 11,800
Inventory 26,822 28,100 Other 12,571 19,100
Total $63,316 $69,400 Total $56,755 $59,000
Long-term debt $79,000 $83,424
Owners’ equity
Common stock and
paid-in surplus $48,000 $48,000
Accumulated retained
earnings 214,256 243,576
Fixed assets
Net plant and
equipment $334,695 $364,600 Total $262,256 $291,576
Total assets $398,011 $434,000 Total liabilities and
owners’ equity $398,011 $434,000
SMOLIRA GOLF CORP.
2018 Income Statement
Sales $349,760
Cost of goods sold 241,500
Depreciation 27,200
Earnings before
interest and taxes $81,060
Interest paid 15,300
Taxable income $65,760
Taxes (25%) 16,440
Net income $49,320
Dividends $20,000
Retained earnings 29,320
Find the following financial ratios for Smolira Golf Corp. (use year-end figures rather than average values where appropriate):
Short-term solvency ratios: 2014 2015
A. Current ratio times times
B. Quick ratio times times
C. Cash ratio times times
Asset utilization ratios:
D. Total asset turnover times
E. Inventory turnover times
F. Receivables turnover times
Long-term solvency ratios: 2014 2015
G. Total debt ratio times times
H. Debt–equity ratio times times
I. Equity multiplier times times
J. Times interest earned times
K. Cash coverage ratio times
Profitability ratios:
L. Profit margin
M. Return on assets
N. Return on equity

Tom and Betsy, who are married filing jointly, reported a standard deduction of $24,000 on their 2018 tax return. They paid $500 to the state for income taxes in 2018. In 2019, they received a $125 refund of state taxes paid in 2018. What is the amount that Tom and Betsy need to report on their 2019 tax return?

Store A charges $20 per t-shirt. They're having a limited "buy 2, get one free"
promotion. You could buy similar t-shirts at Store B, where each shirt is $20 but you have
a coupon for $5 off every shirt. Give one good reason to buy from Store A and one
good reason to buy from Store B.

Journalize the following transactions for Cullumber Company.

Sept. 1 Purchased supplies for $1,100 cash.
5 Paid $490 cash dividend to stockholders.
7 Received $6,300 down payment from customer for services to be provided in the future.
16 Received $850 cash from a previously billed customer for payment of services provided in the prior month.
22 Purchased equipment for $3,800 by paying $1,500 cash and issued a note payable for the balance.

a worker produced four components during an 8-hour shift in which he earned $96. What is his labor cost per unit?

Mattola Company is giving each of its employees a holiday bonus of $200 on December 13, 20-- (a nonpayday). The company wants each employee's check to be $200. The supplemental tax percent is used.


Nobody has capped for OASDI prior to the bonus check.


a. What will be the gross amount of each bonus if each employee pays a state income tax of 2.8% (besides the other payroll taxes)? You may need to add one penny to the gross so that net bonus exactly equals $200. Round your calculations and final answers to the nearest cent.


b. What would the net amount of each bonus check be if the company did not gross-up the bonus? Round your intermediary calculations to the nearest cent.

The Titanic Shipbuilding Company has a noncancelable contract to build a small cargo vessel. Construction involves a cash outlay of $273,000 at the end of each of the next two years. At the end of the third year the company will receive payment of $650,000. Assume the IRR of this option exceeds the cost of capital. The company can speed up construction by working an extra shift. In this case there will be a cash outlay of $595,000 at the end of the first year followed by a cash payment of $650,000 at the end of the second year. Use the IRR rule to show the (approximate) range of opportunity costs of capital at which the company should work the extra shift.

The company should work the extra shift if the cost of capital is between ___________ % and ___________ %

Van Frank Telecommunications has a patent on a cellular transmission process.
1. The company has amortized the $19.80 million cost of the patent on a straight-line basis, since it was acquired at the beginning of 2012.
2. Due to rapid technological advances in the industry, management decided that the patent would benefit the company over a total of six years rather than the nine-year life being used to amortize its cost.
3. The decision was made at the end of 2016 (before adjusting and closing entries).
What is the appropriate adjusting entry for patent amortization in 2016 to reflect the revised estimate.
(If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field. Enter your answers in millions rounded to 2 decimal places (i.e., 5,500,000 should be entered as 5.50).) Record the adjusting entry for patent amortization in 2016.

Martinez Corp. has the following beginning-of-the-year present values for its projected benefit obligation and market-related values for its pension plan assets.

Projected Benefit Obligation Plan Assets Value
2019 $2,340,000 $2,223,000
2020 2,808,000 2,925,000
2021 3,451,500 3,042,000
2022 4,212,000 3,510,000

The average remaining service life per employee in 2019 and 2020 is 10 years and in 2021 and 2022 is 12 years. The net gain or loss that occurred during each year is as follows:

2019, $327,600 loss; 2020, $105,300 loss; 2021, $12,870 loss; and 2022, $29,250 gain. (In working the solution, the gains and losses must be aggregated to arrive at year-end balances.)

Required:
Using the corridor approach, compute the amount of net gain or loss amortized and charged to pension expense in each of the four years, setting up an appropriate schedule.

Year Minimum Amortization of Loss
2013 $
2014 $
2015 $
2016 $

Balance Sheet Data Income Statement Data
Cash $600,000 Accounts payable $720,000 Sales $12,000,000
Accounts receivable 1,200,000 Accruals 240,000 Cost of goods sold 7,200,000
Inventory 1,800,000 Notes payable 960,000 Gross profit 4,800,000
Current assets 3,600,000 Current liabilities 1,920,000 Operating expenses 3,000,000
Long-term debt 2,400,000 EBIT 1,800,000
Total liabilities 4,320,000 Interest expense 403,200
Common stock 720,000 EBT 1,396,800
Net fixed assets 3,600,000 Retained earnings 2,160,000 Taxes 488,880
Total equity 2,880,000 Net income $907,920
Total assets $7,200,000 Total debt and equity $7,200,000
If I remember correctly, the DuPont equation breaks down our ROE into three component ratios: the turnover ratio, and the the total asset And, according to my understanding of the DuPont equation and its calculation of ROE, the three ratios provide insights into the company's effectiveness in using the company's assets, and Hydra Cosmetics Inc. DuPont Analysis Ratios Value Correct/Incorrect Value Correct/Incorrect Ratios Asset management ratio Total assets turnover 1.67 Profitability ratios Gross profit margin (%) Operating profit margin (%) Net profit margin (%) Return on equity (%) 40.00 11.64 14.55 40.58 Financial ratios Equity multiplier 1.67 Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answers up to two decimals. Hydra Cosmetics Inc. DuPont Analysis Calculation Value Numerator Denominator Ratios Profitability ratios Gross profit margin (%) Operating profit margin (%) Net profit margin (%) Return on equity (%) Asset management ratio Total assets turnover Financial ratios Equity multiplier Check all that apply. Reduce the company's operating expenses, its cost of goods sold, and/or the interest rate on its borrowed funds because this will increase the company's net profit margin. Increase the cost and amount of assets necessary to generate each dollar of sales because it will increase the company's total assets turnover. Increase the efficiency of its assets so that it generates more sales with each dollar of asset investment and increases the company's total assets turnover. Increase the interest rate on its notes payable or long-term debt obligations because it will reduce the company's net profit margin.

Prepare an answer sheet with the column headings that follow. For each of the following transactions or adjustments, indicate the effect of the transaction or adjustment on assets, liabilities, and net income by entering for each account affected the account name and amount and indicating whether it is an addition (+) or a subtraction (-). Transaction a has been done as an illustration. Net income is not affected by every transaction. In some cases, only one column may be affected because all of the specific accounts affected by the transaction are included in that category.
Assest Liaabilities Net income

a. Recorded $200 Accumulated Depreciation

of depreciation Depreciation Expense

expense. -200 -200

a. Recorded $200 of depreciation expense.
b. Sold land that had originally cost $9,000 for $12,000 in cash.
c. Acquired a new machine under a financing lease.
d. The present value of future lease payments, discounted at 11%, was $11,000. Recorded the first annual payment of $2,500 for the leased machine (in part c).
e. Recorded a $6,600 payment for the cost of developing and registering a trademark. Recognized periodic amortization for the trademark (in part e) using a 40-year useful life. Sold used production equipment for $16,000 in cash.
f. The equipment originally cost $44,000, and the accumulated depreciation account has an unadjusted balance of $23,400.
g. It was determined that a $1,300 year-to-date depreciation entry must be recorded before the sale transaction can be recorded. Record the adjustment and the sale.

Select the qualitative characteristics for the following statements.

a. Quality of information that permits users to identify similarities in and differences between two sets of economic phenomena. select a qualitative characteristic.
b. Having information available to users before it loses its capacity to influence decisions.
c. Information about an economic phenomenon that has value as an input to the processes used by capital providers to form their own expectations about the future.
d. Information that is capable of making a difference in the decisions of users in their capacity as capital providers.
e. Absence of bias intended to attain a predetermined result or to induce a particular behavior.

What is a good job people do you hear me

The Talbot Corporation makes wheels that it uses in the production of bicycles. Talbot's costs to produce 180,000 wheels annually are:

Direct materials $36,000
Direct labor $54,000
Variable manufacturing overhead $27,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead $66,000

An outside supplier has offered to sell Talbot similar wheels for $0.80 per wheel. If the wheels are purchased from the outside supplier, $21,000 of annual fixed overhead could be avoided and the facilities now being used could be rented to another company for $51,000 per year. Direct labor is a variable cost. If Talbot chooses to buy the wheel from the outside supplier, then annual net operating income would: __________

( Help please suck on this question !! )
Which of the following challenges will banks continue to tackle over the next few years?
A. Customer engagement
B. Increasing competitive advantage
C. Increasing service offerings
D. Lowering interest rates

On January 1, 2020, Meeks Corporation issued $5,000,000, 10-year, 4% bonds at 102. Interest is payable annually on January 1. The journal entry to record this transaction on January 1, 2020 is

a. Cash........................................................................................ 5,000,000
Bonds Payable............................................................... 5,000,000

b. Cash........................................................................................ 5,100,000
Bonds Payable............................................................... 5,100,000

c. Premium on Bonds Payable ................................................... 100,000
Cash........................................................................................ 5,000,000
Bonds Payable............................................................... 5,100,000

d. Cash........................................................................................ 5,100,000
Bonds Payable............................................................... 5,000,000
Premium on Bonds Payable .......................................... 100,000

economics
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a cause of long-term secular slowness in increases in U.S. labor productivity? (a) transition of the economy increasingly toward services and away from manufacturing; (b) falling levels of the capital to labor ratio; (c) deglobalization and the shift of production from places outside the U.S. to places within the U.S.; (d) tighter labor markets and the infusion of more and more workers with below-average skills.

Marc and Michelle are married and earned salaries this year of $64,000 and $12,000, respectively. In addition to their salaries, they received interest of $350 from municipal bonds and $500 from corporate bonds. Marc contributed $2,500 to an individual retirement account, and Marc paid alimony to a prior spouse in the amount of $1,500 (under a divorce decree effective June 1, 2005). Marc and Michelle have a 10-year-old son, Matthew, who lived with them throughout the entire year. Thus, Marc and Michelle are allowed to claim a $1,000 child tax credit for Matthew. Marc and Michelle paid $6,000 of expenditures that qualify as itemized deductions and they had a total of $5,500 in federal income taxes withheld from their paychecks during the course of the year. (use the 2016 tax rate schedules).
1. What is the total amount of Marc and Michelle’s deductions from AGI?
2. What is Marc and Michelle’s taxable income?
3. What is Marc and Michelle’s taxable income?

Jim's Espresso expects sales to grow by 10.3 % next year. Using the following statements and the percent of sales​ method, forecast:

a. Costs
b. Depreciation
c. Net Income
d. Cash
e. Accounts receivable
f. Inventory
g.​ Property, plant, and equipment ​(​Note: Make sure to round all intermediate calculations to at least five decimal​ places.)

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 temporarily allows​ 100% bonus depreciation​ (effectively expensing capital​ expenditures). However, we will still include depreciation forecasting in this chapter and in these problems in anticipation of the return of standard depreciation practices during your career.



Balance Sheet
Assets
Cash and Equivalents $15,050
Accounts Receivable 2070
Inventories 4090
Total Current Assets $21,210
Property, Plant and Equipment 10050
Total Assets $31,260

Liabilities and Equity:
Accounts Payable $1,580
Debt 3930
Total Liabilities $5,510
Stockholders' Equity 25750
Total Liabilities and Equity $31,260

Income Statement:
Sales $204,560
Costs Except Depreciation (99,880)
EBITDA $104,680
Depreciation (5,960)
EBIT $98,720
Interest Expense (net) (410)
Pretax Income $98,310
Income Tax (34,409)
Net Income $63,901

The forecasted costs will be :___________

Halifax Manufacturing allows its customers to return merchandise for any reason up to 90 days after delivery and receive a credit to their accounts. All of Halifax's sales are for credit (no cash is collected at the time of sale). The company began 2021 with a refund liability of $360,000. During 2021, Halifax sold merchandise on account for $12,100,000. Halifax's merchandise costs is 70% of merchandise selling price. Also during the year, customers returned $594,000 in sales for credit, with $328,000 of those being returns of merchandise sold prior to 2021, and the rest being merchandise sold during 2021. Sales returns, estimated to be 5% of sales, are recorded as an adjusting entry at the end of the year.

Required:
1. Prepare entries to (a) record actual returns in 2021 of merchandise that was sold prior to 2021; (b) record actual returns in 2021 of merchandise that was sold during 2021, and (c) adjust the refund liability to its appropriate balance at year-end.
2. What is the amount of the year-end refund liability after the adjusting entry is recorded?

1a. Record the actual sales return of merchandise sold prior to 2021.
1b. Record the cost of merchandise returned for goods sold prior to 2021.
1c. Record the actual sales return of merchandise sold during 2021.
1d. Record the cost of merchandise returned for goods sold during 2021.
1e. Record the year-end adjusting entry for estimated returns.
1f. Record the adjusting entry for the estimated return of merchandise to inventory.

3. What is the amount of the year-end refund liability after the adjusting entry is recorded?

We run a delivery service, and we believe our firm has market risk equally between that of UPS and FedEx. We know the following about these 2 firms:______.
Stock Price per share # shares outstanding Market Value of Debt
UPS $65 0.7 billion $ 5 billion
FedEx $55 250 million $ 3 billion
We also have the following data on the securities of these firms:_______.
Beta E Beta D
UPS 0.8 0
FedEx 1.1 0.1
Assume that our firm has risk-free debt with market value $20 million and equity with market value $450 million. Assume that taxes are not relevant. Please estimate our firm’s equity beta

Assume General Electric Company agreed in May 2016 to construct a nuclear generator for NSTAR, a utility company serving the Boston area. General Electric Company estimated that its construction costs would be $960 million. The contract price of $1,200 million is to be paid as follows: $400 million at the time of signing; $400 million on December 31, 2016; and $400 million at completion in May 2017. General Electric incurred the following costs in constructing the generator: $384 million in 2016 and $576 million in 2017.

Required:
Compute the amount of General Electric's revenue, expense, and income for both 2016 and 2017, and for both years combined, under the cost-to-cost revenue recognition method. Enter dollar amounts in millions.

Klean Fiber Company is the creator of Y-Go, a technology that weaves silver into its fabrics to kill bacteria and odor on clothing while managing heat. Y-Go has become very popular in undergarments for sports activities. Operating at capacity, the company can produce 1,031,000 Y-Go undergarments a year. The per unit and the total costs for an individual garment when the company operates at full capacity are as follows.

Per Undergarment Total
Direct materials $2.04 $2,103,240
Direct labor 0.40 412,400
Variable manufacturing overhead 1.04 1,072,240
Fixed manufacturing overhead 1.44 1,484,640
Variable selling expenses 0.34 350,540
Totals $5.26 $5,423,060


The U.S. Army has approached Klean Fiber and expressed an interest in purchasing 250,500 Y-Go undergarments for soldiers in extremely warm climates. The Army would pay the unit cost for direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead costs. In addition, the Army has agreed to pay an additional $1.02 per undergarment to cover all other costs and provide a profit. Presently, Klean Fiber is operating at 70% capacity and does not have any other potential buyers for Y-Go. If Klean Fiber accepts the Army's offer, it will not incur any variable selling expenses related to this order.

Required:
Prepare an incremental analysis for the Klean Fiber.