The most common example is the molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is equal to 22.4 L for 1 mole of any ideal gas at 273.15 K and 1 atm of pressure.
What are the applications of the Ideal Gas Law- Molar Volume?Stoichiometry refers to the quantitative relationship between reactants and products. Calculating the quantities of reactants needed to make a given quantity of products, or the quantities of products resulting from a given quantity of reactants, is required in stoichiometric problems. Gas laws must be taken into account for the calculation if one or more reactants or products in a chemical reaction are gases. The findings of ideal gas law applications are often accurate to within 5%. We go over a few key ideas that are crucial for solving Stoichiometry Problems involving Gases in the sections below.
Stoichiometry and gas laws both rely on the mole notion as their foundation. A mole is an exact measurement of a substance. Based on the quantity of identities, a mole is a unit (i.e. atoms, molecules, ions, or particles). The number of identities in a mole of anything is equal to the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12, the most common isotope of carbon.
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What are the units of the rate constant for each of the reactions in Table 12.2?
Rate Law
Rate = k [(CH₃ )₃ CBr]
Rate = k [Br₂]
Rate = K[ BrO₃⁻ ][Br⁻] [H⁺]²
Rate = k [ H₂][I₂]
The first reaction is a first order reaction and the unit of rate constant is s⁻¹. The second one is also a first order reaction with the same unit. Third one is a third order reaction with the unit for k as L² mol⁻² s⁻¹.
What is rate constant?Rate of a reaction is the rate of decrease in concentration of the reactants or increase in concentration of the products. The rate is directly proportional to the concentration of reactants and the rate law is written as:
rate = k [reactants]
where, the proportionality constant k is called the rate constant.
The order of a reaction is the sum of powers of the molar concentration of reactants. Thus, each reaction vary in order and the order of reaction also depends on the steps in the reaction.
The general formula of the unit of rate constant is L⁽ⁿ⁻¹⁾ mol⁽¹⁻ⁿ⁾ s⁻¹. Hence, first reaction is a first order reaction and the unit of rate constant is s⁻¹. The second one is also a first order reaction with the same unit.
Third one is a third order reaction with the unit for k as L² mol⁻² s⁻¹. The fourth one is a second order reaction. Thus, unit of rate constant is L mol⁻¹ s⁻¹.
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Calculate the mass percent composition of nitrogen in each nitrogen containing compound
Mass percent of a compound=(mass of element in molecule/total mass of compound)×100 (a) 63.64%
What is mass percentage composition ?We use the concept of mass percentage composition to explain the concentration of an element in a compound or a component in a combination. This word refers to the overall percent by mass of each element present in a compound.
In chemistry, a compound's percent composition is calculated by dividing its total amount of each elements by the compound's total amount, multiplied by 100. The following formula determines an element's percentage composition:
(gE/gT) = %CE 100
Here, %CE stands for the element's composition in percent.
How to calculate the percentage of each element by mass makes up each compound?
To get the mass percent of an element in a compound, multiply the result by 100 after dividing the mass of the element in 1 mole of the compound by the compound's molar mass.
Calculating total mass of HNO3
= 1 x 1 + 14 x 1 + 16 x 3
= 1 + 14 + 48
= 63
Calculating the mass percentage of Nitrogen in HNO3
= 1/63 x 100
= 1.586 %
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Need help ASAP 100 points!
How many molecules are in 2.3 moles of Oxygen?
Question 1 options:
2.06 x 1023 molecules
6.02 x 1023 molecules
1.4 x 1023 molecules
3.8 x 1023 molecules
1.4 x 1023 molecules are present in 2.3 moles of oxygen.
How many molecules will be in the 2.3 moles of oxygen?We know that if we multiply the 2.3 moles of oxygen with Avogadro's number which is 6.023 x 1023 then this will give us the number of molecules which is present in the 2.3 moles of oxygen and which is 13.85 x 1023.
Mole is a standard scientific unit for measuring large quantities of very small entities like atoms, molecules, or other specific particles. The mole entitles an extremely large number of units about 6.02214076 × 1023.
So we can conclude that by multiplying Avogadro's number with the 2.3 moles of oxygen then it will give us 1.4 x 1023 molecules.
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Assign oxidation numbers to each atom in each substance. Then check your work by summoning to zero for each compound or the charge on the ion for the polyatomic. (Please help I am awful at chemistry )
The oxidation number of the atoms in the given compounds are :
K₂O: K = + 1; O = -2;
PO₃⁻³: P = +3; O = -2
NH₃: N = -3; H = +1
Cu(NO₃)₂: Cu = +2; N = +5; O = -2
NO₃⁻¹: N = +5; O = -2
CO₂: C = +4; O = -2
KClO₃: K = +1; Cl = + 5; O = -2
O₂: O = 0
Ca(ClO₄)₂: Ca = +2; Cl = +7; O = -2
What is the oxidation number of elements?The number of electrons an atom or ion has either gained or lost in comparison to the neutral atom is known as the oxidation number or state of the atom or ion.
Group I, 2, and 3 electropositive metal atoms lose a certain number of electrons, and their positive oxidation numbers remain constant.
The oxidation number of the atoms in the given compounds are as follows:
K₂0
K = + 1
O = -2
Sum is (+1 * 2) + (-2) = 0
PO₃⁻³
P = + 3
O = -2
Sum is (+3) + (-2 * 3) = -3
NH₃
N = -3
H = +1
Sum is (-3) + (+1 * 3) = 0
Cu(NO₃)₂
Cu = +2
N = +5
O = -2
Sum is (+2) + (+5 * 2) + (-2 * 6) = 0
NO₃⁻¹
N = +5
O = -2
Sum is (+5) + (-2 * 3) = -1
CO₂
C = +4
O = -2
Sum is (+4) + (-2 * 2) = 0
KClO₃
K = +1
Cl = + 5
O = -2
Sum is (+1) + (5) + (-2 * 3) = 0
O₂
O = 0
Sum is (0 * 2) = 0
Ca(ClO₄)₂
Ca = +2
Cl = +7
O = -2
Sum is (+2) + (+7 * 2) + (-2 * 8) = 0
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The density of oxygen gas at a certain temperature and pressure is 1.345 g cm-3. How many oxygen atoms are present in 2.0 L of oxygen gas at this same temperature and pressure?
The number of oxygen atoms present in 2.0L of oxygen gas at same temperature and pressure is 5.1 × 10²² atoms.
How to calculate number of atoms?The number of atoms of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles in the substance by Avogadro's number (6.02 × 10²³).
no of atoms = no of moles × 6.02 × 10²³
According to this question, the density of oxygen gas at a certain temperature and pressure is 1.345 g cm-³. If 2.0 L of oxygen gas is given, the mass of the oxygen gas can be calculated as follows:
mass = 1.345 × 2 = 2.69grams
moles = 2.69g ÷ 32g/mol = 0.084moles
No of atoms = 0.084 mol × 6.02 × 10²³
no of atoms = 5.1 × 10²² atoms
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What would be the pressure if a canister with a volume of 8.95 L holds 0.155 mol of N2 at 23C
The pressure of a container with a volume of 8.95 L holds 0.155 mol of N₂ at 23°C is 42.64 atm.
What is ideal gas law ?Ideal gas law is also called as perfect gas law. It is represent by the equation PV = nRT, where, 'P' is the pressure, 'V' is the volume in liters, 'n' is the number of particles in moles, 'T' is the temperature in Kelvin and 'R' is the ideal gas constant.
By ideal gas equation,
PV = nRT
Where,
P = Pressure
V = Volume
n = Number of moles
R = gas constant
T = Temperature
First convert temperature into kelvin
23°C + 273 = 296.15K
By putting given value in ideal gas equation we can solve this problem
P × 8.95 = 0.155 × 8.314 × 296.15 ÷ 8.95
= 381.64 ÷ 8.95
= 42.64 atm
Thus, The pressure of a container with a volume of 8.95 L holds 0.155 mol of N₂ at 23°C is 42.64 atm.
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0.0075mole of calcium trioxocrabonate IV is added to 0.015mole of a solution of hydrochloric acid .the volume of gas evolved at stp is
Answer:
1mole of gas at STP = 22.4dm3
0.0075 mole of CaCO3 = xdm3
cross multiply;
where 22.4dm3 = 22400cm3
x * 1 = 0.0075 * 22400 → 168cm3
the gas CO2 which evolved was gotten from CaCO3 so we use the number of moles of CaCO3 only
use the kinetic particle model to describe the motion and separation of the particles in solid carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide gas
In solid carbon dioxide (dry ice), the particles are held together by strong covalent bonds, so they do not move around much.
What is the carbon dioxide?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an odorless, colorless gas created through natural processes such as respiration, combustion and the breakdown of organic materials. As a greenhouse gas, it is a major component of the Earth’s atmosphere and plays a critical role in regulating the global climate. Carbon dioxide is made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms, and is produced when fossil fuels such as coal and oil are burned. Plants and trees also use carbon dioxide as part of their photosynthesis process. Carbon dioxide is essential for life on Earth, however, too much of it can have a negative impact on our planet. As human activity has increased over the past century, so too has our production of CO2, resulting in higher concentrations of this gas in the atmosphere and contributing to global warming.
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Although the seventh branch of the municipal police station has a close relationship with the community, the crime data is still higher than in previous years.
Answer:
The seventh branch of the municipal police station has implemented various initiatives to improve the relationship between the police and the community, including increased community engagement, increased police visibility, and increased collaboration between the police and local organizations. Despite these efforts, crime data has still increased over the past year, indicating that more needs to be done to reduce crime in the area.
Explanation:
How many oxygen atoms are in 1.00 kg of carbon dioxide?
Answer: I believe its two
Explanation:
Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen can be formed from the thermal decomposition of nitrogen dioxide.
2NO2 (g) = 2NO (g) + O₂(g)
In an experiment, 4 moles of nitrogen dioxide were put into a 1.0 dm³ container and heated
to a constant temperature. The equilibrium mixture contains 0.8 moles of oxygen.
What is the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc?
1.5 POINTS
A
C
E
LU
0.032
0.853
0.426
B
D
0.222
0.356
FINISH QUIZ
Answer:
0.355 moldm^-3
Explanation:
This is Yolanda's desk. What could Yolanda do to increase the amount of force needed to move the desk?
Answer:
The last one.
Explanation:
The other ones add more force or give the same but the last one reduces it.
Sep Obtain Information What are the Limitations to Making Progress with Engineering Better Batteries ? What progress have Battery Engineers Made?
Limitations in making progress with Engineering Better Batteries is that electric vehicles are being prevented to make progress in terms of size and range , progress which is made is solid state batteries.
What are solid state batteries?
A solid-state battery is a battery technology that uses solid electrodes and a solid electrolyte, instead of the liquid or polymer gel electrolytes which are found in lithium-ion or lithium polymer batteries.
While solid electrolytes were first discovered in the 19th century, several drawbacks have prevented it's widespread application. Developments in the late 20th and early 21st century have caused renewed interest in solid-state battery technologies, especially in the context of electric vehicles, starting in the 2010s.
Solid-state batteries can provide potential solutions for many problems of liquid Li-ion batteries, such as flammability, limited voltage, unstable solid-electrolyte interphase formation, poor cycling performance and strength.
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organic compounds on basis of carbon skeleton
Answer:
Acyclic or Open-chain compounds. Cyclic or Closed-chain compounds.
A solution was prepared by dissolving 105.0 g of KCl in 215 g of water.
What is the molality (in m) of KCl in this solution?
(Round your answer to TWO places past the decimal)
Considering the definition of molality, the molality of the KCl in the solution is 6.56 moles/kg.
Definition of molalityMolality, or molal concentration, is the amount of a substance dissolved in a given mass of solvent. It is defined as the moles of a solute per kilogram of solvent.
The Molality of a solution is determined by the expression:
molality= number of moles of solute÷ kilograms of solvent
Molality in this caseIn this case, you know:
mass of KCl= 105 gmass molar of KCl= 74.55 g/molenumber of moles of solute= mass of KCl÷ mass molar of KCl= 105 g÷ 74.55 g/mole= 1.41 molesMass of solvent = 215 g of water= 0.215 kg (being 1000 g=1 kg)Replacing in the definition of molality:
Molality= 1.41 moles÷ 0.215 kg
Molality= 6.56 moles/kg
The molality of the solution is 6.56 moles/kg.
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7
QUICK CHECK
Predicting Spontaneity
Identify each of these reactions as being spontaneous or nonspontaneous.
2C₂H₂(g)+50₂(g) → 4CO₂(g)+2H₂O(g)
AG-2,453.1 kJ
3H₂(g)+N₂(g) → 2NH₂(g)
CO₂(g) +2H₂O(g) → CH₂(g) +20₂(g)
DONE
AG=-33.3 kJ
AG=800.7 kJ
1. The reaction: 2C₂H₂(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) ΔG = -2,453.1 KJ is spontaneous
2. The reaction: 3H₂(g) + N₂(g) → 2NH₂(g) ΔG = -33.3 KJ is spontaneous
3. The reaction: CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) → CH₂(g) + 2O₂(g) ΔG = 800.7 KJ is nonspontaneous
How do I determine which reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous?The Gibbs free energy is a core factor in determining whether a reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous. Gibbs free energy is given by the following formula:
ΔG = ΔH – TΔS
Where
ΔG is the Gibbs free energy ΔH is the enthalpy changeT is the temperature ΔS is the change in entropyNOTE
ΔG = Positive (non spontaneous) ΔG = Zero (equilibrium) ΔG = Negative (spontaneous)With the above information, we can determine which of the reaction is spontaneous and also the one which is nonspontaneous as shown below:
2C₂H₂(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) ΔG = -2,453.1 KJ. The reaction is spontaneous since ΔG is negative3H₂(g) + N₂(g) → 2NH₂(g) ΔG = -33.3 KJ. The reaction is spontaneous since ΔG is negativeCO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g) → CH₂(g) + 2O₂(g) ΔG = 800.7 KJ. The reaction is nonspontaneous since ΔG is positiveLearn more about spontaneity of reaction:
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When the conductivity is at a minimum, what must be true about the amount of Ba(OH)2?
When the conductivity is at a minimum, the true thing about the amount of Ba(OH)₂ is that the amount of the two reactants are the same when conductivity is low.
What is conductivity?The ability of an aqueous solution to carry an electric current is measured by its conductivity. Ionic strength is measured by conductivity monitors. In automated chromatography systems, conductivity is the main input control parameter used to enable the generation of salt gradients or to control buffer dilution or in-line buffer preparation.
Conductivity monitors can be used to automate and monitor cleaning and equilibration procedures. It's important to remember that temperature affects measurements of conductivity and pH.
When conductivity is low, the amounts of the two reactants are equal. Between the reactants, there are no excesses. The aqueous solution cannot dissolve the precipitate BaSO₄. Since there are no ions, the conductivity is at its lowest.
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Complete question
The Ba(OH)₂ dissociates as Ba+2 + 2 OH-. H₂SO₄ dissociates as 2 H+ + SO₄-2. When the conductivity is at a minimum, what must be true about the amount of Ba(OH)₂ compared to H₂SO₄
what mass of O2(g) is required to completely react with 25.0g of Fe(s)?
3Fe(s) + 2O2(g) → Fe3O4(s) (Balanced)
in this task, you’ll observe a chemical reaction between baking soda and vinegar. How do you think the temperature of the reactants and the rate of reaction are related? Write a hypothesis to predict the relationship between the two parameters.
The temperature of both the reactants and the pace of reaction are correlated in the chemical reaction of baking soda and vinegar the warmth of the reactants causes a raise in the rate of action and vice versa.
Which is a chemical reaction *?When two or more compounds come into touch with one another and create a new substance, the process is known as a chemical reaction (s). Reactants or reagents are the name(s) for the substance(s) or substances that are initially incorporated into the chemical process.
What's the most important chemical reactions?A few synthesis processes can produce several products. One of the more significant chemical processes on Earth is photosynthesis. It enables some microorganisms and plants to transform carbon dioxide gas and water into storable glucose and oxygen. For life to exist on Earth, we need this oxygen.
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HELP ME PLS
type an actual answer insted of saying I will help you
Answer:
develops,blossoms are synonyms
Help me please please i is in middle school need help ple
the answer is that it is a
determine the mass of IF5 in a 15.88 L sample at 378 K and 0.935 atm
The mass of [tex]IF_5[/tex] that would be in a 15.88 L sample at 378 K and 0.935 will be 106.51 grams.
Ideal gas problemThe problem can be solved by first using the ideal gas equation to know the number of moles of the gas that is present.
PV = nRT
P = 0.935, V = 15.88 L, T = 378 K, R = 0.082
Making n the subject of the formula:
n = PV/RT
= (0.935x15.88)/(0.082x378)
= 0.48 moles of the gas
Recall that, mass = mole x molar mass
The molar mass of [tex]IF_5[/tex] is 221.89 g/mol
Mass of 0.48 moles [tex]IF_5[/tex] = 0.48 x 221.89
= 106.51 grams
In other words, the mass of [tex]IF_5[/tex] that would be in a 15.88 L sample at 378 K and 0.935 is 106.51 grams.
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Drawings/ diagram of polyatomic ions (structural formula)
PLEASE HELP I NEED IT
GIVING 100 points
PLEASE IT MAKE FAIR I NEED IMAGES OF IT
Polyatomic ions are ions made up of more than one atom.
What are Atoms?
Atoms are the smallest particles of matter that make up all objects. They are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. Atoms are the basic units of matter and are the building blocks of all living and nonliving things.
Polyatomic ions are ions that consist of two or more atoms covalently bonded together and carrying a net electric charge. Examples of polyatomic ions include nitrate (NO3−), sulfate (SO42−), phosphate (PO43−), and carbonate (CO32−).
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which nucleus experiences a stronger net force holding its protons and neutrons togeter unanium or or barium
Answer:
Uranium experiences a stronger net force holding its protons and neutrons together than barium.
Explanation:
Imagine that you are a scientist working in a very dry desert environment. This location has been experiencing a terrible drought, so there has been very little rainfall over the last few years. The drought is affecting the local farms, especially the farms that grow corn. You are asked to help choose a variety of corn that will grow the best in these drought conditions.
Which of the four varieties of corn that you tested in the lab would you choose?
Sunburst Variety
Golden Kernel Variety
Chok Full 'O Goodness Variety
Cob-o-Rama Variety
Why do you think this variety is the best choice?
Based on the information provided, I would recommend the Sunburst Variety of corn as the best choice for growing in the drought conditions of the desert environment.
What is the corn about?Sunburst Variety of corn has been specifically developed to be drought-tolerant, meaning that it can survive and produce a good yield even with minimal rainfall.
Therefore, I would recommend the Sunburst variety of corn as the best choice for growing in the desert environment due to its drought-tolerance, deep root system, heat tolerance, high yield, and good quality grain.
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determine the amount of time it takes for 3/4 of a radioactive sample of an isotope of bromine to decay. The half-life of the isotope is 16.5 hours.
Based on the given half-life, the amount of time it takes for 3/4 of a radioactive sample of an isotope of bromine to decay is 33 hours.
What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope?The time needed for a quantity to decrease to half of its initial value is known as the half-life. In nuclear physics, the phrase is frequently used to indicate how rapidly unstable atoms decay radioactively or how long stable atoms last.
Any substance that contains unstable atoms that release ionizing radiation during their natural decay is considered radioactive material.
Given the half-life of the radioactive sample of an isotope of bromine to be 16.5 hours. The amount of time it takes for 3/4 of a radioactive sample of an isotope of bromine to decay is calculated as follows:
After one half-life, half of the sample remains, and half decays
After two half-lives, 1/4 of the sample remains, and 3/4 decays
The time for two half-lives = 16.5 hours * 2
The time for two half-lives = 33 hours.
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Classify each of the following amines as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°):
Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
Primary (1°) amine
Secondary (2°) amine
Tertiary (3°) amine
Functional group can be interconverted into each their by the means of suitable reagent. Functional group are responsible for the chemical and physical properties of a compound. Therefore in the below given ways compound can bee classified.
What is functional group?A group of atoms forming a component of a molecule that accounts for a particular function or chemical behavior is called a functional group. There are so many functional group in organic chemistry.
first compound-------- secondary (2°)
second compound-------------- secondary (2°)
third compound-------------------- tertiary (3°)
fourth compound ----------------primary (1°)
fifth compound---------------primary (1°)
Therefore in the above given ways compound can bee classified.
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Balance the following Equation (do not leave any empty blanks, you must enter 1 if the value is 1):
___ Na2S + ___ HCl --> ___ NaCl + ___ H2S
(Refer to image)
What type of reaction is it?
(Question one is a _______ type of reaction.)
Answer: this looks hard
Explanation:
Answer:
1 Na2S + 2 HCl ===> 2 NaCl + 1 H2S
In these reactions, two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.
Explanation:
--- Na2S + ---- HCl ===> ---- NaCl + ---- H2S
Na = 2 Na = 1 * 2 = 2
S = 1 S = 1
H = 1 * 2 = 2 H = 2
Cl = 1 * 2 = 2 Cl = 1 * 2 = Cl
In these reactions, two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.
REACTION TYPE:
DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION/DOUBLE REPLACEMENT
I hope that helps, have a wonderful day!!!!
Which statement correctly describes the melting and boiling points of water?
A) They occur due to electrostatic forces between molecules
B) They are the same temperature.
C) They are 0°F and 100°F, respectively.
D) They both depend on the surface tension of water.
The temperature at which a solid transforms into a liquid at atmospheric pressure is referred to as the liquid’s melting point.
What are the melting and boiling points of water?The fact that water boils at a greater temperature than fluorine makes option C the correct choice. The melting point of water is zero degrees Celsius (32 degrees F). Depending on the atmospheric pressure, different amounts of water will boil at different temperatures. When purified water reaches its boiling point at sea level, it does so at 212 degrees Fahrenheit (100 degrees Celsius).
Compared to fluorine, water has a greater boiling point. Regarding the melting and boiling points of water and fluorine molecules, this statement is accurate.
The temperature at which a substance's solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium is known as its melting point. A temperature at which a substance's vapour pressure reaches its boiling point.
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Statement C; They are 0°F and 100°F, respectively, correctly describes the melting and boiling points of water. But Instead of F it should be degree Celsius.
What is Melting point? The temperature at which a substance changes its state from a solid to a liquid is termed as its melting point. The solid and liquid phases or states are in equilibrium at the melting point. Pressure and temperature affects a substance's melting point, which is typically reported at a standard pressure such 1 atmosphere or 100 kPa.The Melting point of water is 0°C and boiling point is 100°C.To know more about melting point visit
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A dairy is mainly involved in the operations of bottling of milk, making ice-cream and limited production of cheese. Calculate the BOD produced per 1000kg of milk processed and its population equivalent from the following data;
Quantity of milk processed daily=150000kg Waste water produced daily =240m3 BOO of waste water =1400mg/I Population equivalent per capita per day of 5-days BOD at 20C°=75g
Answer:
BOD produced per 1000kg of milk processed = (1400mg/I x 240m3) / 150000kg = 0.192mg/I
Population equivalent = (0.192mg/I x 75g) / 5 = 0.576g
Explanation: