In the oceans on either side of the Isthmus of Panama are 30 species of snapping shrimp, 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species on the Atlantic side. Species live at different water depths. Morphological and genetic data show that Atlantic and Pacific species that live at similar depths are sister species. Geological evidence indicates that the Isthmus of Panama started rising about 10 million years ago and the oceans were completely separated by the isthmus about 3 million years ago. If the isthmus indeed formed gradually, which of the following patterns of genetic differences is most likely in these species pairs?
A) similar percentages of difference in DNA sequences between all pairs of sister species
B) greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between sister species that inhabit deep water than between sister species that inhabit shallow water
C) greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between sister species that inhabit shallow water than between sister species that inhabit deep water
D) greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences among Atlantic species than among Pacific species

Answer:

B) greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between sister species that inhabit deep water than between sister species that inhabit shallow water

Explanation:

The isthmus formed gradually. About 10 million years ago, the isthmus began to separate the waters from the bottom, and snapping shrimp individuals inhabiting the deepness were separated for the first time. Since their separation, both groups evolved according to their new environment and the pressures acting on them. They started to gradually differentiate from each other, probably suffering many mutations through the years.

About 3 million years ago, the oceans were completely separated by the isthmus, meaning that those animals inhabiting the shallowest areas were the last ones to separate from each other on each side of the isthmus. Since then, they probably also suffered many mutations that drove them to differentiation.  

However, as animals inhabiting the shallowest areas were the last ones to separate and, considering the time-lapse between both divergences, the highest degree of genetic difference is expressed by the sister groups inhabiting the deepest areas. Being separated from each other for a much longer time than shallow animals gave them more time to suffer more mutations and differentiate more.

The sister species at the depth of the ocean possesses a greater difference as compared to the sister species in shallow regions. Thus, option B is correct.

Evolution is the process of inheritable changes in the species with natural selection. The species in the close generation have a higher level of similarity in the traits.

The sister species are the ones with the similarity in the traits. Thus, have the same ancestors and exhibit a greater percentage of trait similarity.

Atlantic and Pacific species are sister species and have similarities in the DNA sequence.

The isthmus separation is formed later in the ocean. The species present at the deeper range are older and are evolved. The species in the shallow region have less evolution as they are separated later.

Thus, the sister species at the depth of the ocean possesses a greater difference as compared to the sister species in shallow regions. Thus, option B is correct.

Learn more about evolution, here:

https://brainly.com/question/2725702

The diagram below shows the crossing of a tall plant in a short plant tall is dominant which of the genotypes of the parents plants

4. Calculate the kinetic energy of a Hollywood star running from the paparazzi. The star's mass is 45.0 kg, and the star is running at
a velocity of 3.00 m/s.
a) 203 J
b) 303.75 J
c) 405 J
d) 67.5 J

A scientist runs an SDS-PAGE experiment two separate times on a protein with a molecular weight of 200 kD. For the first experiment he treats the protein with SDS only and for the second experiment he treats the protein with both SDS and a reducing agent. If the first gel yields one band showing a molecular weight of 200 kD and the second run yields one band showing a molecular weight of 25 kD, the researcher should conclude that

PLEASE HELP ME PLEASEE!

What are Purkinje fibers?
special valves that relay electrical impulses to
the ventricles, which cause contraction
special fibers that relay electrical impulses to
the atriums, which cause emptying
special valves that relay blood to the
ventricles, which cause contraction
special fibers that relay electrical impulses to
the ventricles, which cause contraction
DO NE

What factor causes global wind patterns

Introspection is one of the many sleeping disorders experienced
by people with sleep apnea.
Select one:
True
False​

The normal real behavior of a person or an animal can be
understood by naturalistic observation.
Select one:
True
False​

Which sex would you expect to be the choosiest?

19. Fresh poultry should be rejected when:

A. It has been shipped in plastic wrap
B. It is slightly sticky to the touch
C. There is no discoloration
D. The receiving temperature is 38°F

What practice helps scientists avoid bias in their findings

Which of the following events occurs in DNA replication in prokaryotes?
a. Replication starts from a single point and proceeds in two directions until the entire chromosome is copied.
b. Replication starts from multiple points and proceeds in two directions until the entire chromosome is copied.
c. Regulatory proteins bind to all of the nucleotides on the DNA molecule.
d. Enzymes “unzip” the DNA molecule by breaking ionic bonds between base pairs.

which are characteristics of epithelial cells? Select two options.( Answer Needed ASAP)​

The mutations responsible for the dark fur color in the Arizona mice were absent from the three different populations of New Mexico mice. No Mc1r mutationswere associated with dark fur color in the New Mexico populations. These findings suggest that adaptive dark coloration has occurred at least twice in the rock pocket mouse and that these similar phenotypic changeshave different genetic bases. How does this study support the concept that natural selection is not random

In which direction is heat transferred?

which is false?

- digestion begins in the mouth
- The small intestine digest carbohydrates
- The large intestine absorbs amino acids
- the stomach involves mechanical digestion

3. Microphages are a type of white blood cells and part of the immune system's response to defend the body against viruses. What do microphages do?​

How do bacteria multiply again? Use the key terms genetic information, DNA, split in two, and exponential growth.

Please Help!!!!
Muscles intended for large, powerful contractions contain llx muscle fibers. true or false​

The diagram below represents a sample of a sedimentary rock viewed under a
microscope. Which part was formed first?

Select all that apply.
Which of the following are true about a block of ice at -10°C as you continue to apply heat.


Its temperature will rise continuously until it completely melts.
Its temperature wil rise until reaching o°C.

Its temperature will not rise above -10°C until it melts. Its

temperature will remain at 0 G until all the ice melts.​

A cluster of cases of legionellosis have occurred in your neighborhood. People with the illness have cough, fever, shortness of breath, chest pain and sometimes diarrhea. The illness is caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila, a facultative intracellular parasite that survives in certain ameba. The organism has an absolute requirement for L-cysteine. Typically, the organism is grown on buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE) agar. In some labs, samples containing suspected L. pneumophila are cultured on traditional BCYE medium as well as BCYE medium lacking L-cysteine. How would L. pneumohila be identified in this situation

Write one scientific question about the organism in
the photo. Sunflowers

How Green Plants Make Food
(a) ______ from the sun, (b) ______, the green coloring in the leaf of the plants combine with (c) _________ from the soil and (d) _________from the air to produce (e) ________ in the leaf. The air that enters the leaf contains carbon dioxide and oxygen. But the leaf needs only the carbon dioxide. Thus, (f) _________is given off as waste product.​

These are carbohydrates -rich vegetables EXCEPT
a. Tubers
b. nuts
c. seeds
d.roots​

Which of the following is not a function of the bacterial cell wall?

A. Provide the cell with shape and rigidity
B. Prevent the cell from lysing
C. Protect the cell
D. Provide the cell with locomotion

A scientist is observing a new species of organism. She observes that from generation to generation many of the organisms’ offspring have adaptations that their parents did not have. This organism is most likely reproducing through_______.

a. sexual reproduction
b. budding
c. asexual reproduction
d. binary fission

Emilia Burton is an 18-year-old high school student who began to experience weight loss despite a ravenous appetite and resulting increased dietary intake. She has to make frequent trips to the bathroom to urinate and has difficulty concentrating on her work because of fatigue. She drinks large volumes of coffee to help with a constant dry mouth and to combat her fatigue. At a clinic appointment, it was noted that her weight has dropped from 140 lb to 128 Ib.
a) What is the probable diagnosis of this patient? What information from the above scenario would support your diagnosis?
b) What laboratory test(s) should be performed? Which result(s) would support your diagnosis? What immediate and long-term therapy will Emilia need to manage her disorder?
c) Emilia should be aware of the potential acute and long- term complications of her condition. What are they?

Cellular Respiration and Energy

pls help will give brainliest