An intrastate or civil war is a conflict involving established factions within a single state. One side's objective can be to seize power in order to gain independence.
What is civil war?After decades of simmering tensions over slavery, states' rights, and westward expansion between northern and southern states, the American Civil War broke out in 1861.
Seven southern states formed the Confederate States of America after Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860; four additional states soon joined them.
With over 620,000 of the 2.4 million soldiers killed, millions more hurt, and a large portion of the South in ruins, the fight was the most expensive and lethal combat ever waged on American territory.
The northern and southern parts of the United States had fundamentally different economies in the middle of the 19th century, even though the country was going through a period of rapid growth.
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Disadvantages of democracy
Answer:
Everything
Explanation:
Who is being described in following quote: "No truant officers could keep their numerous offspring in school; no public health officer could free them from congenital defects, various worms, and the diseases indigenous to filthy surroundings." TKAM chapter 17-18
Answer:
My answer is The Ewells. Please brainliest if possible. Plus, I also answered first.
Explanation:
In this unit, you studied the challenges and benefits of living in the twenty-first century. What are some of the challenges and benefits of living in a global society? Do you think there are more advantages or disadvantages to modern life as compared to life a century ago? Why?
Living in a global society means many things, children grow up faster and with new technology coming out every year it seems like even kids 10 years apart are immensely different.
What does the term "society" mean?The situation of being with other people: She prefers her own society and enjoys solitude. extra instances A civilized society must have a fair judicial system as a basic component. The family still serves as the pillar of society in the majority of nations.
How does society affect human life?The word "society" refers to a group of people who interact with one another. Men are social beings who express their nature by forming and re-creating groups that regulate and guide their conduct in a variety of ways. Every human being must have society in order to live out their lives to the fullest because it both liberates and restricts men's activities.
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Warm-Up Type your response in the box. What is the first thing that comes to mind when you think of the term “Middle East”? Make a list of questions that you want to answer about the region.
Answer:
Amazing food
Explanation:
What food do they eat?
What language do they speak
What religion are they?
How do they make their food?
What are their secret recipes
How did the Erie Canal benefit New York?
The Erie Canal benefit New York because Canal spurred the first great westward movement of American settlers.
How did the Erie Canal help the economy of New York?When the Erie Canal was built as a commercial maritime navigation system, it attracted new enterprises and industries to settle along its banks, which sparked development throughout New York State.
The opening of the Erie Canal sparked the first significant westward migration of American settlers, provided access to the fertile land and abundant resources west of the Appalachians, and elevated New York to the position as the country's leading commercial hub.
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In 1940, the German Government forced France to surrender. Germany was
succeeding in its goal to take over the world.
Look at the section called "French Collaboration and Resistance" on pg. 164-165.
What was the goal of the Vichy government?
To cooperate with the Nazis and aid their efforts.
To fight the Nazi occupation.
To arrest Nazis living in France.
Answer:
The goal of the Vichy government was to cooperate with the Nazis and aid their efforts during the German occupation of France during World War II.Explanation:
The Vichy government was established in 1940, after the German army occupied France during World War II. The government, led by Marshal Philippe Pétain , was based in the town of Vichy and had limited autonomy under the German occupation. The Vichy regime's main goal was to cooperate with the Nazi government and aid their efforts in the occupation of France. This included implementing policies that supported the Nazis, such as the persecution of Jews and other minority groups, and the conscription of French workers to be sent to Germany to work in factories. Additionally, Vichy government also passed laws that allowed the Gestapo to operate freely on French soil, and also assisted the Nazis in rounding up Jews for Deportation to Concentration camps.
Frederick Douglass resisted slavery in the United States by:
A. helping people travel the Underground Railroad to escape slavery.
OB. serving as an elected representative in Congress.
C. organizing a violent uprising against slaveholders.
D. writing and publishing articles calling for racial equality.
Answer:c
Explanation:
congress saved Anatolia so they kill her
what changed in Europe and East Asia between 200 CE and 500 CE?
Between 200 CE and 500 CE, several significant changes occurred in Europe and East Asia.
In Europe, the decline of the Roman Empire continued and eventually led to its collapse in 476 CE. This period saw the emergence of new Germanic kingdoms, such as the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths, as well as the rise of the Byzantine Empire in the eastern Mediterranean. Additionally, the spread of Christianity continued, and by the end of this period, it had become the dominant religion in the Roman Empire.
In East Asia, China during the Han Dynasty reached its peak of power and culture, but by the end of the 2nd century CE, the empire began to decline and was eventually replaced by a number of smaller kingdoms. Additionally, Buddhism began to spread from India to China during this period, and by the end of the 5th century CE, it had become a significant religious and cultural influence in China.
In Korea and Japan, the Three Kingdoms period was coming to an end, and a single ruling state started to emerge. This period also saw the spread of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism in the region.
In India, the Gupta Empire rose to power and established a golden age of Indian culture and science, with advancements in mathematics, astronomy, and the arts. Buddhism continued to be an important religion during this time.
Overall, Europe and East Asia experienced a period of political and cultural change and transition during this time period, as well as the spread of new religions and the emergence of new political powers.
Answer:
In Europe, the decline of the Western Roman Empire was a major change that occurred during this period. The empire experienced a period of political instability, economic decline, and invasions by barbarian tribes, which led to its eventual collapse in 476 CE. This ushered in a period of political fragmentation, known as the "Dark Ages," during which small kingdoms and city-states emerged in place of the unified empire.In East Asia, the Three Kingdoms period in China (220-280 CE) and the Jin Dynasty (265-420 CE) marked a period of political division and instability after the collapse of the Han Dynasty.
Overall, during this period, both Europe and East Asia experienced political instability and fragmentation, but also saw the emergence of new political entities and cultural and religious developments.
Explanation:
Karl Marx warned that post-Industrial Revolution society would be marked by -
a. conflict between political and religious institutions over access to citizens' w
a backlash against modernity resulting in a reversion to feudal customs
more politicians serving the common good
c.
d. conflict between the owners of the means of production and the working
PAME
Conflict between the working class and the owners of the means of production.
What perspective on the Industrial Revolution did Karl Marx hold?The Industrial Revolution was seen by Marx and Engels as a catastrophe for workers, who lost control over their job and were dispossessed, and whose quality of living was reduced to mere sustenance as a result.
What was Karl Marx's position?Marx claimed that capitalism pitted the proletariat against the bourgeoisie (the class that owns property) (working class). According to Marx's thesis, the ideal society for communists would be a stateless one with complete equality and no conflicts over national identities.
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The mayor of a large city is suspected of committing several crimes related to misuse of her power as mayor. The majority of city residents have lost all faith in her and support a recall election to throw her out of office.
They are unable to recollect an election. They can't recall an election because the mayor is suspected but because the suspicion hasn't been confirmed.
Therefore it's possible that someone is trying to take the mayor's place. However, they can hold new elections if the mayor passes away or the suspicions are confirmed.
Voters have the ability to recall representatives before their terms are over. Voters have utilized it since 1911 as an essential component of our governmental system to voice their displeasure with the representatives they have chosen.
A recall election is a process by which voters in some polities can remove an elected official from office by a referendum before that official's term of office has officially expired (also known as a recall referendum, recall petition, or representative recall).
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Which of the following explains a result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe?
Answer: The correct answer is D: The influx of silver caused inflation in European economies.
Explanation:
Answer: D: The influx of silver caused inflation in European economies.
Explanation: The Commercial Revolution in Europe refers to the period of economic expansion and increased trade that occurred from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period. This period saw significant advancements in trade routes, exploration, and the establishment of colonial empires. In addition, it also brought about significant changes in European society and laid the foundation for the modern economic systems we see today.
The Commercial Revolution in Europe had several important consequences. One of these consequences was the influx of silver from the Americas, particularly from the colonies of Spain and Portugal.
During this period, European countries were expanding their empires and establishing colonies in the Americas. These colonies were a rich source of silver, which was mined and traded back to Europe. The influx of silver had a significant impact on the European economies.
One of the major effects of the influx of silver was inflation. When large amounts of silver entered the European economies, the supply of money increased. This led to a decrease in the value of money, which resulted in higher prices for goods and services. In other words, the purchasing power of money decreased.
As a result, inflation occurred in European economies. Prices rose, and people needed more money to buy the same goods and services. This affected not only individuals but also businesses, governments, and the overall economy.
It is important to note that while the influx of silver caused inflation, it also had positive effects on European economies. The increased availability of silver contributed to the growth of trade, the development of a global economy, and the rise of capitalist systems.
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Question 20
What was a key focus of post-World War I US foreign policy?
A
B
C
D
containing the spread of communism throughout the world
limiting the country's involvement in international affairs
assisting European powers in the colonization of Latin America
eliminating barriers to trade to promote global economic growth
Answer:
A) Containing the spread of communism
Explanation:
After WWII, the US focused on containing communism. They believed in the “Domino Effect” which meant that if a country fell to communism, the others around it would to. They fought in Vietnam, Kore and several other conflicts that occurred during a period called “The Cold War”
5) The attack has been described as a "charge." Is this description accurate?
The men moved slowly at first. They were urged to proceed more rapidly by Roosevelt. Other groups imitated their actions. It was a charge in the conventional sense, though some of the guys moved slowly.
What about the assault up San Juan Hill was misleading?A combination of shrewd public relations and racial prejudice overemphasized Roosevelt's combat participation while underplaying the velour and accomplishments of the Black troops, known as Buffalo troopers, who served alongside white soldiers on the same battlefield. One hundred years after his death, Roosevelt received the Medal of Honor posthumously for actions that were deemed to have taken place on July 1, 1898, close to Santiago de Cuba in the Republic of Cuba. Roosevelt was leading a perilous charge up San Juan Hill at the time. The Americans charged up the hill to disperse the Spanish after being subjected to artillery fire that caused significant fatalities, suffering considerably more. It was determined that the heights battle was the bloodiest and most
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Why might the Soviet Union look different to the figure in?
It's crumbling and cracking underneath of him, which means the Soviet Union was not in good hands.
What exactly does politics mean?Politics is a range of activities that are related to group decision-making or other forms of power interactions between people, such as the allocation of resources or status. The word politics is derived from the Greek term, politiká, which means "affairs of the cities."
In what area of politics do you major?Before submitting an application for a politics degree, some colleges will list the courses they advise applicants to take. These will frequently be humanities and social science courses like sociology, economics, history, and modern languages; as well as, economics, geography, and modern languages.
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What do the various rebellions in Sumer and Babylonia tell us about these
people?
A. They were evil individuals.
B. They were vulnerable to attack.
C. They were not very sophisticated.
OD. They were devoted to their kings.
Various rebellions in Sumer and Babylonia tell us about the people that They were devoted to their kings.
Are Sumer and Babylonia the same?Sumer for hundreds of years had several kings. It finally adopted by the Akkadians around 2200 BC and developed into Babylon.
Which came first, the Sumerians or the Babylonians?Sumer was the first known civilization in the region, with the fall of the 3rd Dynasty of Ur around 2004 BC. Before the rise of Babylonia in the 18th century BC, a transitional period of Amorite nations followed. The oldest known settlement in southern Mesopotamia is Tell el-'Oueili.
Did the Sumerians overthrow the Babylonians?Around 2,300 BC, independent city-state of Sumer was conquered by a man named Sargon the Great of Akkad who once ruled the city-state of Kish.
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Compare and contrast the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights and Petition of Right.
Answer: The Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights and Petition of Right are three historical documents that were instrumental in shaping the political and legal systems of England and the United States.
The Magna Carta, also known as the Great Charter, was issued in 1215 by King John of England. It established the principle that the king was subject to the law, rather than above it, and limited the power of the monarchy. It also guaranteed certain liberties to the barons and the Church. It is considered as one of the first legal documents that limited the power of the monarchy and granted rights to the people.
The English Bill of Rights was passed in 1689, after the Glorious Revolution, it established the supremacy of parliament over the monarchy and limited the powers of the king. It also guaranteed certain rights and liberties to the people, such as the right to bear arms and the right to a fair trial. It also set the principle that the king could not suspend laws, raise taxes or maintain a standing army without the consent of the parliament.
The Petition of Right was passed in 1628 by the English parliament, during the reign of Charles I. It was a response to the king's arbitrary rule and his attempts to raise money without the consent of the parliament. It reaffirmed rights such as the prohibition of arbitrary imprisonment and it established that no taxes could be levied without the consent of the parliament.
In summary, the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights and Petition of Right are three historical documents that were instrumental in shaping the political and legal systems of England and the United States. All three of these documents established the principle that the monarchy is subject to the law, limited the powers of the king and granted certain rights and liberties to the people. The Magna Carta was the first of its kind and established the principle that the king is subject to the law, the English Bill of Rights established the supremacy of parliament over the monarchy and limited the powers of the king and the Petition of Right reaffirmed rights and established that no taxes could be levied without the consent of the parliament.
Explanation:
I have to finish this chart by tonight but I only have like one answer and this subject doesn't make sense to me
I'm posting it blank so that I can see if I'm right, but it's about the Revolutions of Industrialization, so around 1750–1900
The period 1750 to 1900 CE was shaped by a variety of revolutions. Beginning in Great Britain, the Industrial Revolution mechanized the labor force and resulted in the mass migration of people to urban environments.
What is the conflict of interests between American entrepreneurs and workers regarding Asian immigrants?
The objectives of the Asian American movement were quite similar to those of the Chicano and African American civil rights movements.
What is the conflict of American entrepreneurs and workers regarding Asian immigrants?They fought for greater social, political, and economic equality as well as the right to take part in American society on an equal footing.
The Asian American movement was a sociopolitical movement that peaked in the late 1960s to early 1970s and involved the general grassroots struggle of Asian Americans for racial, social, and political reform in the United States.
Asian Americans were forced to demonstrate their loyalty to the United States after World War II, which prompted them to demand equal rights. Asian Americans were permitted to integrate into southerners' white culture, which led to unease among African Americans.
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Describe Jesus’s birth according to the Gospels.
Answer: In Matthew 2:1-12, the three magi (or kings) travel to Jerusalem, where they ask where the Messiah (Jesus) was to be born. King Herod hears of this and secretly summons the magi, telling them to find the child (Jesus) and return to him once they have found him, so that he too could pay the Messiah homage. The magi then follow the Star of Bethlehem leading them to Jesus. Once the star stopped at where Jesus, Mary, and Joseph resided, the Magi enter the house and see the Messiah with his mother, Mary, and prostrate to do him homage. They present him with gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Soon after, the three kings were warned within a dream not to return to Herod, so they set off for their country in a different direction.
In Luke 2:1-14, Jesus's birth is once again mentioned. It states that Mary gave birth to her son (Jesus, but he is unnamed here), wrapped him in swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger because there was no room for them in the inn. In the region, shepherds were keeping night watch over their flock, when an angel of the Lord appeared to them and announced that the Messiah had been born. At that moment, a multitude of heavenly host accompanied the angel and praised God.
Beginning in 1760, British tax and trade policies
Answer:
Explanation:
In 1760s George III came to throne and BRitain began to deal more firmly with the colonies: restrictive trading acts expanded and enforced, new taxes imposed to support troops. "Taxation without representation" The King's ministers were poorly informed and stubborn about the colonists dislike for these new policies.
According to the excerpt, why is it best to accept the existence of civilization?
The extract claims that it is desirable to accept civilization's existence because modern society is overly worried with its future.
What is meant by civilization?The term "civilization" refers to a sophisticated way of life that emerged as a result of the emergence of networks of urban communities. The earliest civilizations emerged between 4,000 and 3,000 B.C.E., when the development of trade and agriculture made it possible for individuals to have an abundance of food and a stable economy.
Exists civilization 7 if so?A seventh installment of Sid Meier's Human civilisation is most likely coming because the series is so popular, but it seems like it ought to have been released by now. Fans of the series have been played the sixth installment for almost six years without the need for a new title to fill the void.
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Explanation:
This is my response on the assignment. Remember to Use your own words if you use this summary as a guide (:
Answer:
After analyzing this passage, the reason why Nehru suggested we should accept the existence of civilization is that although society had its faults it was capable of growth. Nehru began by explaining he sympathized with the citizens and all they had to endure. On top of not agreeing with the hierarchy that created an adequate life only for the riches and an unjust life for the rest of civilization. Nehru then recites “ Present-day civilization is full of evils, but it is also full of good, and it can rid itself of those evils. Nehru is trying to convey that society can create a better setting and justification for themselves. Overall, Nehru is relaying the message that civilization isn't ill-fated and can make a better future for itself.
A major goal of Spanish missions was to
O teach Indigenous people to follow Spanish customs.
help Indigenous people achieve fame and glory.
protect Indigenous people from European settlers.
teach Indigenous people how to hunt and fish.
Option A is correct. Spanish missions taught Indigenous people to follow Spanish customs.
Which of the following are the three main goals of the Spanish mission system?
To the extent that the mission effort was successful, it aided Spain's objectives of political, economic, and religious expansion in America in opposition to other countries of European ancestry.
What was a major goal of Spanish mission?Converting indigenous people to Christianity would be the first step. The second would be to settle the lands peacefully in preparation for colonization. Thirdly, the natives needed to be assimilated into Spanish culture so that they could transition from being at the parish as missionaries to being full members of the congregation.
What did the Spanish build to protect their missions?The presidios were the secular equivalent of the missions. The first were little garrisons of Spanish soldiers guarding traffic on roads. As communities grew up around the presidios and the missions, the presidios' function changed from defending routes to defending the expanding Spanish missions and settlements.
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PELASE HELP I need help with this please do everything it says I'll paraphrase
As long as they were ready to carry armaments for British soldiers fighting against American forces during the Revolutionary War, it offered freedom to any indentured servants, enslaved African Americans, or any people held in bondage by American revolutionaries.
Why do you think the British issued Dunmore's proclamation?Only those who would run from rebel lords and obey the crown were eligible for independence under Dunmore's proclamation. Instead of serving a humanitarian goal, it served a geopolitical one: to put an end to resistance.
The governor of Virnia, John Murray, Earl of Dunmore, issues this proclamation on November 7, 1775, which proclaims martial rule and frees any slaves and indentured servants who are willing to fight for the British.
Thus, As long as they were ready to carry armaments for British soldiers fighting against American forces.
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Explain why the invasion of Iraq during the War on Terror was a controversial issue.
Answer: The invasion of Iraq during the War on Terror was a controversial issue for several reasons:
Lack of evidence of weapons of mass destruction: One of the main reasons given by the United States for invading Iraq was the assertion that the country had weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) and posed a threat to the United States and its allies. However, no WMDs were found in Iraq after the invasion, and some experts questioned the evidence used to justify the war.
Lack of international support: Many countries, including some of the United States' closest allies, opposed the invasion of Iraq. The United Nations did not authorize the use of force, and some countries felt that the invasion was a violation of international law.
The human cost: The invasion of Iraq resulted in the deaths of thousands of Iraqi civilians, many of them women and children, and caused widespread destruction and displacement. The war also resulted in many American soldiers death and injuries.
The cost of the war: The war in Iraq cost the United States trillions of dollars, and many criticized the government for spending this money on the war when it could have been used to address other pressing domestic issues such as healthcare, education and infrastructure.
The aftermath: The Iraq war destabilized the country and led to sectarian violence, insurgency, and civil war. The country is still facing many challenges and the war has had a lasting impact on the Middle East, and the region is still dealing with the consequences of the invasion, including the rise of ISIS.
The justification of the war: Some argued that the war was not necessary and was based on false pretenses, and that it was not a part of the War on terror, but rather a war of choice, and that the real goal of the war was to change the political landscape in the Middle East and control the region's oil.
All these reasons and more, made the invasion of Iraq a highly controversial issue and it is still being debated and discussed today.
Explanation:
03 Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes Francisco Madero's role in the revolution?
He wanted to bring social change to Mexico.
He created the Anti-Re-Electionist Party to resist Diaz's regime.
He challenged Diaz in the election and won narrowly by promising to bring back democracy.
He resisted the Diaz regime by creating an alliance of Latin countries and US.
In the revolution, Francisco Madero played a crucial role because (A) he wished to see social change in Mexico.
Who was Francisco Madero?From 1911 to 1913, Mexico was led by reformist politician and author Francisco I. Madero (October 30, 1873 – February 22, 1913).
By igniting the Mexican Revolution, this unlikely revolutionary contributed to Porfirio Daz's overthrow.
Landowner, reformer, author, and statesman Francisco Ignacio Madero González served as Mexico's 37th president from 1911 until he was forced to step down as a result of a right-wing revolution in February 1913, during which he was slain.
In the ongoing struggle against military despotism, which is currently represented by the Huerta regime, Madero's name became a symbol of revolutionary unity upon his death.
The democratic forces of the Mexican Revolution were inspired by him because of his martyrdom, if not his professional accomplishments.
Therefore, in the revolution, Francisco Madero played a crucial role because (A) he wished to see social change in Mexico.
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Correct question:
Which of the following best describes Francisco Madero's role in the revolution?
(A) He wanted to bring social change to Mexico.
(B) He created the Anti-Re-Electionist Party to resist Diaz's regime.
(C) He challenged Diaz in the election and won narrowly by promising to bring back democracy.
(D) He resisted the Diaz regime by creating an alliance of Latin countries and the US.
what does w.r.i.s.t stand for
Answer:
Wine, Rice, indigo, silk, tobacco
Explanation:
These are the things that were important for Economics and Defense and they were very important to people back then, and still.
Europeans arrived in north america in the 1600s
Answer:
yup yes they did
Explanation:
they did Answer:
Explanation:
they came in the 1600s
Which sentence below best describes the Western Front? Question 1 options: Both sides had dug 450 miles of trenches and stretched barbwire that ran from Switzerland to the North Sea. The battle lines stretched for over 1,000 miles across eastern Europe. The Western Front stretched from Ireland to Spain and had lots of barbwire. Both sides agreed that fighting was silly and therefore the war should just be over. DUE SOOOONNNN PLEEASEE HEEEEEEEELPPP ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST BUT PLEASE GIVE ME THE RIGHT ANSWER OR ILL LEAVE BAD REVIEW
The statement "Both sides had dug 450 miles of trenches and stretched barbwire that ran from Switzerland to the North Sea" best describes the Western Front. Thus, option 'A' is the correct option.
What happened at the Western Front?The Allies launched an attack throughout the whole front on August 8, 1918; Ludendorff called it the "dark day" for the German Army. After 100 days of combat, the Allies won this attack, and on November 11th, the Armistice was signed, putting a happy stop to the carnage.
The crucial front of the First World War was the Western Front, a 400+ mile-long land swath that extended across France and Belgium from the Swiss border to the North Sea. The Central Powers or the Entente, whichever side prevailed, would be entitled to celebrate victory on behalf of their respective alliances.
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Whose words stirred the peasants in Mexico to revolt against Spanish oppression?
The person whose words stirred peasants in Mexico to revolt against the Spanish was Father Miguel Hidalgo.
What did Father Miguel Hidalgo do ?Father Miguel Hidalgo, a priest and educator from Mexico, was the founder and leader of the Independence Movement. He was a liberal freethinker who disagreed with the actions of the imposed government during Napoleon's conquest of Spain. As a result, he roused the populace to battle, first for the rightful Spanish ruler and then for independence.
One of Mexico's greatest historical figures is Father Miguel Hidalgo. He is seen as a representation of Mexican independence. In order to combat the Spanish army and secure more just circumstances for the populace, he founded this insurgent organization in 1810.
His army was mostly made up of peasants so it was he who inspired them to revolt against Spanish oppression.
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What were the two parts of the person that the Egyptians wanted to unite in the afterlife?
Answer: The ka and ba
Explanation: We have very few records from the Archaic period, but one account tells of a king of Upper Egypt named Menes. Menes sent an army down the Nile and defeated the king of Lower Egypt in battle. In this way Menes united the two kingdoms. Unification means the joining together of two separate parts, in the case, the two kingdoms.
Menes, sometimes known as Narmer, became the first pharaoh. He set up his new capital of the united Egypt in the city of Memphis in Lower Egypt. The city of Memphis, Tennessee is named after Memphis, Egypt. During the Archaic Period the Egyptians developed a system of writing we call Hieroglyphics. Hieroglyphics come from Greek words meaning "sacred writings
The two most important divisions of the soul were the ka and the ba. The ka was the person's double; it stayed with the deceased in the tomb. The ba, portrayed as a human-headed bird, could leave the tomb during the day but needed to return to the body at night. Without the mummy, the ba and ka could not survive.
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Answer: The body and the soul.
Explanation:
Ancient Egyptians believed that the body and soul of a person would reunite in the afterlife. Due to this belief, mummified bodies were preserved for the return of the soul so that the dead could live in the afterlife peacefully.