The percentage of uncertainty in the distance of cepheids observed in galaxy 11%
What is the formula for the inverse square law?Inversely related to the square of the observer-to-source distance, the intensity of light that a source emits to an observer. This demonstrates that the intensity of light grows with distance and is equal to a number multiplied by 1/d2.
The inverse square law => d = [tex]\sqrt{L/4\pi * b}[/tex]
L = luminosity
b = brightness
Cepheid 1 : d1 5.77 x 10^ 23 m
Cepheid 2: d2 5 x 10^23 m
Cepheid 3 : d3 4.78 x 10^23 m
Avaerge distance = d1 + d2+ d3/3 => 5.18 x 10^23m
Hence, the percentage of uncertainty in the distance
=> 5.77 x 10^ 23 - 5.18 x 10^23 / 5.18 x 10^23
=> 11%
The Hubble Space Telescope is unique, but why?As a multipurpose observatory, Hubble was created to study the universe in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared spectrums. Over 40,000 cosmic objects have been analysed by the telescope thus far, giving scientists access to views they couldn't see from the ground.
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A stone is launched at an angle of 50 degree with initial velocity of 22m/s. Find out its initial and final velocity.
(a) The initial vertical velocity of the stone is 16.85 m/s and the initial horizontal velocity is 14.14 m/s.
(b) The final vertical velocity is 0 and the final horizontal velocity is 14.14 m/s.
Initial vertical velocity
The initial vertical velocity of the stone is calculated as follows;
Vi = Vsinθ
Vi = 22 x sin(50)
Vi = 16.85 m/s
Initial horizontal velocityVxi = V cosθ
Vxi = 22 x cos(50)
Vxi = 14.14 m/s
Final vertical velocity of the stoneVf = Vi - gt
where;
Vf is the final vertical velocity = 0 at maximum heightFinal horizontal velocity of the stoneVfx = Vxi = 14.14 m/s
Thus, the initial vertical velocity of the stone is 16.85 m/s and the initial horizontal velocity is 14.14 m/s.
The final vertical velocity is 0 and the final horizontal velocity is 14.14 m/s.
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a)Calculate the effective value of g, the acceleration of gravity, at 7900 m above the Earth's surface.
b)Calculate the effective value of g, the acceleration of gravity, at 7900 km above the Earth's surface.
The solution for the acceleration of gravity is given as
[tex]g_{1}=9.789 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$[/tex][tex]g_2=1.955 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$[/tex]This is further explained below.
What is the effective value of g, the acceleration of gravity, at 7900 km above the Earth's surface.?Generally,
Mass of earth [tex]$M=5.97 \times 10^{24} \mathrm{~kg}$[/tex]
Radius of earth [tex]$R=6371 \mathrm{~km}$[/tex]
Gravitational const. [tex]$G=6.67 \times 10^{-11} \mathrm{Nm}^{2} \mathrm{~kg}^{-2}$[/tex]
height [tex]$h_{1}=7900 \mathrm{~m}=7.9 \mathrm{~km}$$$[/tex]
[tex]R+h_{1}=6371+7.9 &\\\\R+h_{1}=6378.9 \mathrm{~km} \\\\&R+h_{1}=6378.9 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{~m}\end{aligned}[/tex]
In conclusion, acceleration due to gravity at this point will be
[tex]g_{1}=\frac{G M}{\left(\bar{R}+\overline{h_{1}}\right)^{2}}$\\\\$g_{1}=\frac{6.67 \times 10^{-11} \times 5.97 \times 10^{24}}{\left(6378.9 \times 10^{3}\right)^{2}}$\\\\$g_{1}=9.789 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$[/tex]
for [tex]$h_{2}=7900 \mathrm{~km}$[/tex]
[tex]R+h_{2}=6371+7900\\\\R+h_{2}=14271 \mathrm{~km}\\\\$g_{2}=\frac{6.67 \times 10^{-11} \times 5.97 \times 10^{24}}{\left(14271 \times 10^{3}\right)^{2}}$\\\\$g_2=1.955 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$[/tex]
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light travel
3, 00,000 km/s. Is it velocity or speed?
A 149-g baseball is dropped from a tree 15.0 m above the ground.
With what speed would it hit the ground if air resistance could be ignored?
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
If it actually hits the ground with a speed of 9.00 m/s , what is the magnitude of the average force of air resistance exerted on it?
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
1. The speed with which the ball hits the ground is 17.1 m/s
2. The magnitude of the average force of air resistance exerted on it is 0.77 N
1. How to determine the velocity with which the ball hits the groundInitial velocity (u) = 0 m/s Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²Height (h) = 15 m Final velocity (v) =?v² = u² + 2gh
v² = 2gh
Take the square root of both side
v = √(2 × 9.8 × 15)
v = 17.1 m/s
2. How to determine the forceWe'll begin by calculating the time to reach the ground. This is illustrated below:
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²Height (h) = 15 m Time (t) =?h = ½gt²
15 = ½ × 9.8 × t²
15 = 4.9 × t²
Divide both side by 4.9
t² = 15 / 4.9
Take the square root of both side
t = √(15 / 4.9)
t = 1.75 s
Now we can determine the force. This can be obtained as illustrated below:
Mass (m) = 149 g = 149 / 1000 = 0.149 KgInitial velocity (u) = 0 m/sFinal velocity (v) = 9 m/sTime (t) = 5 ms = 1.75 sForce (F) = ?F = m(v –u) / t
F = 0.149(9 – 0) / 1.75
F = 0.77 N
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Two hockey pucks are moving towards each other. (Assume no friction.) The first one is 0.13 kg and moving at a speed of 1.11 m/s, while the second puck is 0.16 kg and moving at 1.21 m/s, and they collide. (Assume elastic collision.) After collision, the second puck ends up with a speed of 1.16m/s at an angle of 42 degrees below its original path, while the first puck ends up with an unknown speed at an angle above its original path. Find the final speed and angle of the first puck.
The final speed and angle of the first puck are 1.17 m/s and 54.5° respectively.
What happened in an Elastic Collision ?In an elastic collision, both momentum and energy are conserved. But only momentum is conserved in inelastic collision.
Given that two hockey pucks are moving towards each other. The first one is 0.13 kg and moving at a speed of 1.11 m/s, while the second puck is 0.16 kg and moving at 1.21 m/s, and they collide. (Assume elastic collision.) After collision, the second puck ends up with a speed of 1.16m/s at an angle of 42 degrees below its original path, while the first puck ends up with an unknown speed at an angle above its original path.
The given parameters are;
M1 = 0.13 kgM2 = 0.16 kgU1 = 1.11 KgU2 = 1.21 KgV1 = ?V2 = 1.16 kgФ1 = ?Ф2 = 42°The mathematical representation of the above question will be in two components.
Horizontal component
M1U1 - M2U2 = M1V1cosФ - M2V2cosФ
Substitute all the parameters
0.13 x 1.11 - 0.16 x 1.21 = 0.13 x V1 cosФ - 0.16 x 1.16cos42
0.1443 - 0.1936 = 0.13V1cosФ - 0.1379
0.13V1cosФ = 0.0886
V1cosФ = 0.0886/0.13
V1cosФ = 0.6815 ........ (1)
Vertical component
0 = M1V1sinФ - M2V2sinФ
M1V1sinФ = M2V2sinФ
Substitute all the parameters
0.13 x V1 sinФ = 0.16 x 1.16sin42
V1 sinФ = 0.1242/0.13
V1 sinФ = 0.9553 ......... (2)
Divide equation 2 by 1
V1 sinФ / V1 cosФ = 0.9553/ 0.6815
Tan Ф = 1.40
Ф = [tex]Tan^{-1}[/tex](1.4)
Ф = 54.5°
Substitute Ф into equation 2
V1 sin54.5 = 0.9553
V1 = 0.9553 / 0.8141
V1 = 1.17 m/s
Therefore, the final speed and angle of the first puck are 1.17 m/s and 54.5° respectively.
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1. A block of mass 0.4kg resting on the top of an inclined plane of height 20m starts to slide down on the surface of the incline to its foot, and then continues its slide horizontally. At a distance of 5m from the foot of the incline there is another block of the same mass resting on the horizontal surface to undergo an elastic collision. Next to the second block, there is a light spring of constant k = 4000N/m fixed freely against a wall. The spring is supposed to make a head-on collision with the second block. See the arrangements as in 1. Assuming all surfaces being frictionless, (a) calculate the kinetic energy of the firs block just at the foot of the incline; (b) calculate the kinetic and gravitational potential energies of the first block halfway down the incline; (c) calculate the speeds of the two blocks just after their collision; (d) compute the maximum compression of the spring resulted from its collision with the second block; (e) determine the maximum work done by the spring on the second block.
The kinetic energy of the first block just at the foot of the incline is 78.4J, the kinetic and gravitational potential energies of the first block halfway down the incline are same, and which is equal to 39.2J. The speeds of the two blocks just after their collision interchange with the values before collision.
To find the answer, we need to know about the concept of collision and kinetic energy.
How to find the kinetic energy of the first block just at the foot of the incline?Given that, the block of mass 0.4kg resting on the top of an inclined plane of height 20m.Thus, at the top of the incline it has a potential energy, and the kinetic energy will be equal to zero, or we can say that the total energy of the system is equal to the potential energy at topmost point.[tex]TE=KE+PE\\T=PE=m_1gh=(0.4*9.8*20)=78.4 J[/tex]
We have to find the kinetic energy of the first block just at the foot of the incline, and at the bottom point the PE=0, or we can say that the total energy or the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.[tex]TE=KE=78.4J[/tex]
What is the kinetic and gravitational potential energies of the first block halfway down the incline?At the halfway, the PE will be,[tex]U'=m_1gh'=mg\frac{h}{2} \\U'=39.2J[/tex]
As we know that, the energy is conserved at each point of the motion.[tex]TE=78.4 J\\KE'+PE'=78.4J\\KE'=78-U'=78.4-39.2=39.2J[/tex]
How to find the speeds of the two blocks just after their collision?We have the KE at bottom point as, 78.4J. Thus, the velocity of first block at the bottom before collision will be,[tex]KE=\frac{1}{2} mv^2=78.4J\\v=\sqrt{\frac{2KE}{m} } =4m/s[/tex]
This is the velocity of the block 1 of mass m1 before collision, we can say, u1.As we know that, the 2 nd block of mass m2 is at rest, thus, u2=0.Given that, the collision is elastic. Thus, both the KE and the momentum will be conserved.[tex]\frac{1}{2}m_1u_1^2+ \frac{1}{2}m_2u_2^2=\frac{1}{2}m_1v_1^2+\frac{1}{2}m_2v_2^2[/tex]
[tex]m_1u_1+m_2u_2=m_1v_1+m_2v_2[/tex]
We have,[tex]m_1=m_2=m\\u_1=4m/s\\u_2=0\\v_1=?\\v_2=?[/tex]
Substituting this in both the equations, we get,[tex]\frac{1}{2}m*4^2=\frac{1}{2}m(v_1^2+v_2^2)\\(v_1^2+v_2^2)=16[/tex] from resolving KE equation.
[tex]4m=m(v_2+v_1)\\4=v_2+v_1\\v_1=4-v_2[/tex] From resolving momentum conservation.
solving both, we get,[tex]v_2=4m/s\\v_1=0[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that, the kinetic energy of the first block just at the foot of the incline is 78.4J, the kinetic and gravitational potential energies of the first block halfway down the incline are same, and which is equal to 39.2J. The speeds of the two blocks just after their collision interchange with the values before collision.
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An 87-kg football player traveling 5.2 m/s is stopped in 1.0 s by a tackler.
What is the original kinetic energy of the player?
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
What average power is required to stop him?
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
The original kinetic energy of the player and the average power is required to stop him are 1200 J and 1200 W respectively.
What is Kinetic Energy ?The energy possessed by a body in motion is known as Kinetic Energy. The S. I unit is Joule.
Given that an 87-kg football player traveling 5.2 m/s is stopped in 1.0 s by a tackler. The given parameters are;
Mass m = 87 KgVelocity v = 5.2 m/sTime t = 1 sThe original kinetic energy of the player can be calculated by using the formula K.E = 1/2m[tex]v^{2}[/tex]
Substitute all the parameters into the formula
K.E = 1/2 x 87 x [tex]5.2^{2}[/tex]
K.E = 1176.24
K.E = 1200 J
Power is the rate at which work is done.
Work done = energy
The average power is required to stop him can be calculated by using the formula P = E/t
Substitute all the parameters into the formula
P = 1200/1
P = 1200 W
Therefore, the original kinetic energy of the player and the average power is required to stop him are 1200 J and 1200 W respectively.
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A rocket takes off from Earth's surface, accelerating straight up at 63.2 m/s2. Calculate the normal force (in N) acting on an astronaut of mass 84.4 kg, including her space suit. (Assume the rocket's initial motion parallel to the +y-direction. Indicate the direction with the sign of your answer.)
______N
From the calculation, the normal force is 6161.2 N.
What is the normal force?The normal force is given by the expression;
N - mg = ma
Then;
N = mg + ma
m = 84.4 kg
g = 9.8 m/s^2
a = 63.2 m/s2
Now we have;
N = m(g + a)
N = 84.4 (9.8 + 63.2)
N = 6161.2 N
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A solid cylinder of uniform density of 0.85 g/cm3 floats in a glass of water tinted light blue by food coloring.
Its circular surfaces are horizontal. What effect will the following changes, each made to the initial system, have on X, the height of the upper surface above the water? The liquids added do not mix with the water, and the cylinder never hits the bottom.
1. The cylinder is replaced with one that has the same density and diameter, but with half the height.
2. Some of the water is removed from the glass.
3. A liquid with a density of 1.06 g/cm3 is poured into the glass.
4. The cylinder is replaced with one that has the same height and diameter, but with density of 0.83 g/cm3.
5. A liquid with a density of 0.76 g/cm3 is poured into the glass.
6. The cylinder is replaced with one that has the same density and height, but 1.5× the diameter.
Options are: Increase, Decrease, No change
The buoyant force acting on the cylinder is, [tex]Fb = \rho Ahg[/tex]. Here A is the cross-sectional area of the cylinder, h is the height of the cylinder, ρ is the density of the cylinder, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
This buoyant force is also equal to the volume of the fluid displaced. [tex]Fb = \sigma h(A-x)g[/tex]. Here σ is the density of the fluid.
Equate the above two equations and solve for x.
[tex]\rho Ahg = \sigma A(h-x)g\\\rho h = \sigma h - \sigma x\\x = \frac{(\sigma - \rho)h}{\sigma}[/tex]
So, the distance x depends on the density of the fluid, density of the cylinder and the height of the cylinder.
1. The density of the cylinder is same and distance x is independent of the diameter of the cylinder. Therefor, there will be no change in the distance x. Hence, the correct answer is No change.
2. Now the height is changing keeping the density same. As the distance x is directly proportional to the height, the distance x will increase.
3. The density of the added liquid is greater than of the water and it does not mix with the water. So, the liquid will settle down and there will be no change in the distance x.
4. The density of the added liquid is less than that of the water and it does not mix with the water. So, the liquid will not settle down and the distance x will change. The change in distance x can be determined as follow:
[tex]\rho Agh = \sigma' Axg + \sigma A(h-x)g\\\rho h=\sigma' x + \sigma h - \sigma x\\x=(\frac{\sigma - \rho}{\sigma - \sigma'})h[/tex]
Here, σ' is the density of the added liquid.
From the above relation it is clear, that on adding the liquid of the density less than that of water, the denominator term become small ando so the value of x will increase.
5. On removing some of the water inside the glass, the height of the water column will decrease, but the value of x does not depend on the height of the water column. So, there will be no change in the distance x.
6. The density of the new cylinder is smaller than that of the earlier one. So, the numerator term will increase. Therefore, the value of x will increase.
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Question 2
A photon of green light has a wavelength of 520 nm. Find the green photon's frequency in Hz?
Hints: C=fa ; this will give you the frequency in Hz; 1 nm = 1x10-⁹ nm
5.77 ×[tex]10^1^4[/tex] Hz is the green photon's frequency .
The distance between similar points (adjacent crests) in adjacent cycles of a waveform signal that is propagated in space is known as the wavelength. A wave's wavelength is often measured in meters (m), centimeters (cm), or millimeters (mm) (mm). The relationship between frequency and wavelength is inverse.
Given:Wavelength of green light = 520 nm
f = c / λ
where, f = Frequency
c = Speed of light = 3 × [tex]10^8[/tex] m/s
λ = Wavelength of light
∴ f = c / λ
f = [tex]\frac{3*10^8}{520 * 10^-^9}[/tex]
= 5.77 ×[tex]10^1^4[/tex] Hz
Therefore, 5.77 ×[tex]10^1^4[/tex] Hz is the green photon's frequency .
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A 500 N force accelerates an object at 20 m s-2. What is its mass?
Answer: The mass of the object is 25kg.
The given question deals with Newton's second law of motion and its applications.
Explanation: Given force, F=500N
acceleration, a=20 m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]
From Newton's 2nd law of motion , we have
F=ma where m=mass of the object
⇒500=m×20
⇒m=500/20=25
∴ Mass of the object is 25 kg .
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100m with a constant speed 200km/hr the pilot drops abomb from the plane. determine (neplect air resistance of friction) X Q
The horizontal distance XQ traveled by the bomb is 250 m.
Distance X Q
Let the XQ be the horizontal distance traveled by the bomb.
Time for the bomb to drop from 100 mh = vt + ¹/₂gt
Let the vertical velocity = 0
h = 0 + ¹/₂gt²
h = ¹/₂gt²
2h = gt²
t² = 2h/g
t = √(2h/g)
t = √(2 x 100 / 9.8)
t = 4.5 s
Horizontal distance traveled by the bombXQ = vx(t)
where;
vx is horizontal speed, = 200 km/hr = 55.56 m/s
XQ = 55.56 x 4.5
XQ = 250 m
Thus, the horizontal distance XQ traveled by the bomb is 250 m.
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At t=0s a small "upward" (positive y) pulse centered at x = 4.0 m is moving to the right on a string with fixed ends at x=0.0m and x = 13.0 m . The wave speed on the string is 3.5 m/s . At what time will the string next have the same appearance that it did at t=0s?
The next time the string will have the same appearance that it did at t=0s is 2.29 s.
Frequency of the wave
v = fλ
f = v/λ
where;
λ is wavelengthhalf of the upward pulse is a quarter of wavelength = ¹/₄ x 4 m = 1 m
f = 3.5/1
f = 3.5 Hz
Time of motion when the pulse is at 4 mt1 = 4/3.5 = 1.143 s
The next time the string will have the same appearance that it did at t=0s.
d = 4 m x 2 = 8 m
t2 = 8/3.5
t2 = 2.29 s
Thus, the next time the string will have the same appearance that it did at t=0s is 2.29 s.
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Suppose a wheel with a tire mounted on it is rotating at the constant rate of 2.17 times a second. A tack is stuck in the tire at a distance of 0.351 m from the rotation axis. Noting that for every rotation the tack travels one circumference, find the tack's tangential speed
The tangential speed of the wheel is determined as 4.786 m/s.
Tangential speed of the wheel
The tangential speed of the wheel is calculated as follows;
v = ωr
where;
ω is angular speed in rad/sr is radius of the circular pathv = (2.17 x 2π rad)/s x 0.351 m
v = 4.786 m/s
Thus, the tangential speed of the wheel is determined as 4.786 m/s.
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1.A virtual image is formed 20.5 cm from a concave mirror having a radius of curvature of 31.5 cm.
(a) Find the position of the object.
(b) What is the magnification of the mirror?
2.A contact lens is made of plastic with an index of refraction of 1.45. The lens has an outer radius of curvature of +2.04 cm and an inner radius of curvature of +2.48 cm. What is the focal length of the lens?
The position of the object is = -68cm
The magnification of the mirror= 0.3
Calculation of object distanceThe image distance = 20.5cm
The focal length= R/2 = 31.5/2= 15.75
The object distance= ?
Using the lens formula,1/f = 1/v-1/u
1/u = 1/v- 1/f
1/u = 1/20.5 - 1/15.75
1/u = 0.0489- 0.0635
1/u = -0.0146
u = -68cm
The magnification of the mirror is image size/object size
= 20.5cm/-68cm
= 0.3
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A 29.0 kg beam is attached to a wall with a hi.nge while its far end is supported by a cable such that the beam is horizontal.
If the angle between the beam and the cable is θ = 57.0° what is the vertical component of the force exerted by the hi.nge on the beam?
The vertical component of force exerted by the hi.nge on the beam will be,142.10N.
To find the answer, we need to know more about the tension.
How to find the vertical component of the force exerted by the hi.nge on the beam?Let's draw the free body diagram of the system.To find the vertical component of the force exerted by the hi.nge on the beam, we have to balance the total vertical force to zero.[tex]F_V+T sin\alpha -mg=0\\F_V=mg-Tsin\alpha \\[/tex]
To find the answer, we have to find the tension,[tex]Tlsin\alpha - mg\frac{l}{2}sin\beta =0\\ \\Tlsin\alpha = mg\frac{l}{2}sin\beta\\\\Tsin57=\frac{mg}{2}sin90\\\\T=\frac{mg}{2sin57} =169.43N[/tex]
Thus, the vertical component of the force exerted by the hi.nge on the beam will be,[tex]F_V=(29*9.8)-(169.43*sin57)=142.10N[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that, the vertical component of force exerted by the hi.nge on the beam will be,142.10N.
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The hi.nge will apply a force of 142.10N on the beam in the vertical direction.
We must learn more about the tension in order to find the solution.
How can I determine the vertical component of the force the hi.nge has on the beam?Let's create the system's free body diagram.We must balance the total vertical force to zero in order to get the vertical component of the force applied to the beam by the height.[tex]F_V=mg-Tsin\alpha[/tex]
We must identify the tension in order to find the solution.[tex]Tlsin\alpha =mg\frac{l}{2}sin\beta \\T=\frac{mgsin90}{2sin57} =169.43N[/tex]
Consequently, the force that the height exerts on the beam will have a vertical component that is,[tex]F_v=(29*9.8)-(169.43*sin57)=142.10N[/tex]
This leads us to the conclusion that the vertical component of the force the hi.nge exerts on the beam will be 142.10N.
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Which of the following changes would increase the force between two
charged particles to 9 times the original force?
A. Decreasing the distance between the particles by a factor of 3
B. Decreasing the amount of charge on one of the particles by a
factor of 9
C. Increasing the distance between the particles by a factor of 3
D. Increasing the amount of charge on each particle by a factor of 9
The answer is A. Decreasing the distance between the particles by a factor of 3.
The Universal Law of Gravitation is :
F = Gm₁m₂ / r² (where 'r' is the distance between them)
Since force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, distance has to be decreased by a factor of 3 to increase the force to 9 times the original force.
If you speed through a construction zone while workers are present, your fines could be:.
If you speed through a construction zone while workers are present, your fines could be as much as one thousand dollars.
What is a Fine?
This is referred to as the amount which is instructed by a court or authority to be paid as a result of it being a penalty for various types of offences. each crime has its specific fine which helps to serve as deterrent for unlawful behavior in the community.
it is always best not to speed when within a construction zone which has workers present in the area. This is ideal as it helps to prevent incidences of accidents or death.
it is therefore the reason why a fine of 1000 dollars is to be paid so that people can think of such high amount before performing certain types of activities when driving and makes it the most appropriate choice.
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Part B
A roller coaster ride starts with the roller coaster car being pulled to the top of the first hill with pulley system. The car is
released from the top with an initial velocity close to zero, then accelerates downward. From that first hill, the roller coaster just
coasts; there is no driving force, other than gravity, to keep It going. Assuming no friction, what can you say about the height of
the other hills in the roller coaster ride?
The highest point of a roller coaster is almost always the first hill. In the majority of roller coasters, the hills get smaller as the train travels down the track.
To find the answer, we have to know more about the mechanical energy of a system.
How to find the answer?Since it influences the mechanical energy of the system, the first hill must be the highest.One of the fundamental tenets of physics is that, in the absence of friction, mechanical energy must be conserved. Mechanical energy is the product of kinetic energy and potential energy.When the vehicles ascend the first hill on the roller coaster, mechanical energy is provided to the system because the speed is zero at this point.Mechanical energy = U = mgh
Where m represents the car mass, g represents gravity, and h represents height
If the system is to continue moving, the other hills on the mountain must be lower than the first hill. When the vehicles are released, this energy is converted into kinetic and potential energy when it lowers and ascends, but the sum of these two cannot be larger than the starting energy.Finally, by applying the principle of energy conservation, we may determine that, the initial hill must be the highest.
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What are the balanced forces for someone in a parachute?
A. Gravity and air resistance
B. Centripetal and air resistance
C. Gravity and centripetal
D. Gravity and Earth
Piston 1 in the figure has a diameter of 1.87 cm.
Piston 2 has a diameter of 9.46 cm. In the absence of friction, determine the force F, necessary to support an object with a mass of 991 kg placed on piston 2. (Neglect the height difference between the bottom of the two pistons, and assume that the pistons are massless).
The force F, necessary to support an object with a mass of 991 kg placed on piston 2. is 20.61J.
How to calculate the value?It should be noted that by Pascal Law, the pressure on piston 1 will have the same value as the pressure on piston 2.
This will be:
(991 × 10) /(π × 0.0946/2)²
= 9910/0.022
= 450454.6 Pa
F1 = A1 × 450454.6 = 3.14 × (0.0187/2)² × 450454.6
= 123.64
F = 123.64/6
F = 20.61
Therefore, the force F, necessary to support an object with a mass of 991 kg placed on piston 2. is 20.61J.
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The escape velocity of a bullet from the surface of planet Y is 1695.0 m/s. Calculate the escape velocity from the surface of the planet X if the mass of planet X is 1.59 times that of Y, and its radius is 0.903 times the radius of Y.
The escape velocity from the surface of the planet X is 2,249.2 m/s.
Escape velocity of planet X[tex]v = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{r} } \\\\v^2 = \frac{2GM}{r}\\\\v^2r = 2GM\\\\G = \frac{v^2r}{2M}[/tex]
where;
M is mass of the planetr is radius of the planetG is universal gravitation constant[tex]\frac{v_x^2 \ r_x}{2M_x} = \frac{v_y^2 \ r_y}{2M_y} \\\\\frac{v_x^2 \ r_x}{M_x} = \frac{v_y^2 \ r_y}{M_y} \\\\v_x^2 = \frac{v_y^2 \ r_yM_x}{M_yr_x}\\\\v_x^2 = \frac{(1695)^2 (r_y)(1.59M_y)}{M_y(0.903r_y)} \\\\v_x^2 = 5,058,814.78\\\\v_x = \sqrt{5,058,814.78} \ \ = 2,249.2 \ m/s[/tex]
Thus, the escape velocity from the surface of the planet X is 2,249.2 m/s.
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For an air bag to work, it has to inflate full of nitrogen incredibly fast-within to
milliseconds of the collision. For a 60-liter cylindrical air bag to work property, the
nitrogen gas has to reach a pressure of 2.37 atm. At 25°G, how many moles of
nitrogen gas are needed to pressurize the air bag? Given, 0.0821 L-atm/mol-Kl
5.8 moles of nitrogen gas are needed to pressurize the air bag.
What's the expression of Ideal gas equation?Ideal gas equation is PV=nRTP= pressure, V = volume, n= no. of moles of gas, R= universal gas constant, T = temperature of the gasWhat's the no. of moles of nitrogen present in a 60L air bag at 2.37 atm pressure and 25°C temperature?P= 2.37 atm, V = 60L, R= 0.0821 L-atm/mol-K, T = 25°C = 298Kn= PV/RT= (2.37×60)/(0.0821×298)
= 5.8 moles
Thus, we can conclude that 5.8 moles of nitrogen gas are needed to pressurize the air bag.
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Hi I have a question it’s not about the subject but is at the same time what is Physics?
Answer:
the branch of science that is concerned with nature and properties of matter and energy.
Explanation:
a study of the basis of what does what in science.
The thermal emission of the human body has maximum intensity at a wavelength of approximately 9.5 μm.What photon energy corresponds to this wavelength?
Answer:
Explanation:
2.1 x 10^2 - 20J
emily is standing 150 feet from a circular target with radius 3 inches. will she hit the target if her aim is off by 0.2 degrees?
Answer:
no
Explanation:
The angle subtended by the radius of the target at Emily's distance can be found using the tangent relation.
tan(α) = opposite/adjacent = (1/4 ft)/(150 ft) = 1/600
The angle is found using the inverse relation -
α = arctan(1/600) ≈ 0.095°
If Emily's aim is off by 0.2°, she will miss the target by several inches.
Emily's projectile will miss her aiming point by ... (150 ft)tan(0.2°) ≈ 0.524 ft ≈ 6.28 in
Find the speed of a satellite in a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius 3.57 times the mean radius of the Earth. (Radius of Earth = 6.37×103 km, mass of Earth = 5.98×1024 kg, G = 6.67×10-11 Nm2/kg2.)
The orbiting velocity of the satellite is 4.2km/s.
To find the answer, we need to know about the orbital velocity of a satellite.
What's the expression of orbital velocity of a satellite?Mathematically, orbital velocity= √(GM/r)r = radius of the orbital, M = mass of earthWhat's the orbital velocity of a satellite orbiting earth with a radius 3.57 times the earth radius?M= 5.98×10²⁴ kg, r= 3.57× 6.37×10³ km = 22.7×10⁶mOrbital velocity= √(6.67×10^(-11)×5.98×10²⁴/22.7×10⁶)=4.2km/s
Thus, we can conclude that the orbiting velocity of the satellite is 4.2km/s.
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6.
A swimmer bounces straight up from a diving board and falls feet first into a pool. She
starts with a velocity of 4.00 m/s, and her takeoff point is 1.80 m above the pool. (3pt)
a) How long are her feet in the air?
b) What is her highest point above the board?
c) What is her velocity when her feet hit the water?
a) Her feet are in the air for 0.73+0.41 = 1.14 seconds
b) Her highest height above the board is 0.82 m
c) Her velocity when her feet hit the water is 7.16 m/s
Given,t = Time taken
u = Initial velocity = 4 m/s
v = Final velocity
s = Displacement
a = Acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s²
a) Her feet are in the air for 0.73+0.41 = 1.14 seconds
s = ut + [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex]at²
2.62 = 0t + [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] ₓ 9.8 ₓ [tex]t^{2}[/tex]
t = 0.73 s
b) Her highest height above the board is 0.82 m
The total height she would fall is 0.82+1.8 = 2.62 m
v = u + at
0 = 4 ₋ 9.8 ₓ t
t = 0.41 s
s = ut +[tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] at²
s = 4 ₓ 0.41 ₊ [tex]\frac{1}{2}[/tex] ₓ ₋9.8 ₓ 0.41 [tex]t^{2}[/tex]
c) Her velocity when her feet hit the water is 7.16 m/s
[tex]v = u + at \\v = 0 + 9.8[/tex] ₓ [tex]0.73[/tex]
v = 7.16 m/s
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Question 3 of 10
What is the primary means by which heat is transferred through fluids?
O A. Direct contact of particles
OB. Radiation
OC. Electromagnetic waves
OD. Convection currents
The primary means by which heat is transferred through fluids is convection currents (option D).
What is convection current?Convection is the transmission of heat in a fluid by the circulation of currents.
Heat can be transferred by different methods depending on the medium. Fluids like gases and liquids transfer heat through the process of convection.
Therefore, the primary means by which heat is transferred through fluids is convection currents.
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A crate with a mass of 175.5 kg is suspended from the end of a uniform boom with a mass of 94.7 kg. The upper end of the boom is supported by a cable attached to the wall and the lower end by a pivot (marked X) on the same wall.
Calculate the tension in the cable.
The tension in the cable is equal to 323.5 N.
What is the tension in the cable?The tension, T in the cable is determined by taking moments about the pivot marked X.
The angles of the boom and the cable with the horizontal are first calculated.
Angle of the boom with horizontal, θ = tan⁻¹(5/10) = 26.56°
The angle of cable with horizontal, B = tan⁻¹(4/10) = 21.80
Taking moments about the pivot:
175.5 * cos 26.56 + 94.7 * cos 26.56 * 0.5 = T (sin(26.56 + 21.80) * 1
Tension = 241.68/0.747
Tension = 323.5 N
In conclusion, the tension in the cable helps to suspend the crate.
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