The narrow-sense heritability of tail length is 55.56% and the broad-sense heritability of tail length is 76%.
The narrow-sense heritability (h') of a trait is a measure of the proportion of the total phenotypic variance that is due to additive genetic factors. It is calculated as:
h' = VA / (VA + VE)
The broad-sense heritability (H) of a trait is a measure of the proportion of the total phenotypic variance that is due to all genetic factors (additive, dominance, and interaction). It is calculated as:
H = (VA + Vo + Vi) / (VA + Vo + Vi + VE + VGE)
Given the data provided:
h' = 0.5 / (0.5 + 0.4)
= 0.5556 or 55.56%
H = (0.5 + 0.5 + 0.3) / (0.5 + 0.5 + 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.0)
= 1.3 / 1.7
= 0.76 or 76%
So, the narrow-sense heritability of tail length is 55.56% and the broad-sense heritability of tail length is 76%
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If a food has many calories relative to its physical size, it's considered to have a
A. high calorie density.
B. low calorie density.
C. high fat density.
D. low fat density.
Answer:A
Explanation: High-calorie density per its physical size
Answer:
A is the answer because it is high in calories density
In chemical reactions, atoms are
Answer:
atoms rearrange and form new bonds to make the products.
Explanation:
In a chemical reaction, reactants contact each other, bonds between atoms in the reactants are broken, and atoms rearrange and form new bonds to make the products.
Answer:
Rearranged
Explanation:
Because during a chemical reaction no atoms are created or destroyed. This means the atoms are rearranged resulting in the formation of a new substance (with diffrent properties to the start substance)
Which aspect of the human skeletal system provides forensic anthropologists with the most information about a skeleton's age?
A. the general shape and size of the eye orbits
the way that bones change position over time
the tendency of human bones to harden with exposure
the fact that specific bones exhibit sex differences
B.
C.
O D.
The aspect of the human skeletal system that provides forensic anthropologists with the most information about the age of skeletons is the fact that specific bones that exhibit sex differences. Option D
Human Skeletons and AnthropologyAmong the options provided, the aspect of the human skeletal system that provides forensic anthropologists with the most information about a skeleton's age is the fact that specific bones exhibit sex differences.
While the shape and size of eye orbits, bone position changes over time, and bone hardening with exposure can provide some information about age, determining sex differences through specific bone characteristics (such as pelvic bones, skull features, or long bone dimensions) is often more reliable and widely used in forensic anthropology to estimate the age of a skeleton.
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Fill in the blank:
Looking at the number of _____ gave us absolute dating
I’ll give brainliest!!!
Archaeologists use two kinds of dating methods: relative dating and absolute dating. In relative dating, we determine which things are older or younger based on their relationships. For example, we know from geology that soil layers near the surface of the ground are usually younger than those deeper down. This relationship helps archaeologists know that objects we find deep in the ground are older than things we find closer to the surface.All isotopes of carbon have 6 protons but different numbers of neutrons. One of the carbon isotopes that occurs in nature is radioactive; it has 8 neutrons and is called carbon-14.
PLLSSSS HELP
Urbanization Cause:
Urbanization Affect:
Urbanization is the process of population growth and the expansion of cities and urban areas. It is primarily caused by factors such as rural-to-urban migration, natural population growth, and the development of industries and economic opportunities in urban areas.
Causes of urbanization:
Rural-urban migration: People move from rural areas to cities in search of better job opportunities, improved living standards, access to education and healthcare, and a higher quality of life.
Natural population growth: As urban areas provide better access to healthcare facilities and improved living conditions, the birth rates tend to be higher in cities compared to rural areas. This natural population growth contributes to urbanization.
Industrialization and economic development: The growth of industries and economic opportunities in urban areas attract people from rural areas seeking employment. Urban areas often offer a wider range of job options, higher wages, and better career prospects.
Effects of urbanization:
Infrastructure development: Urbanization leads to the development of infrastructure such as roads, bridges, transportation systems, and utilities to accommodate the growing population and meet their needs. This includes the construction of housing, schools, hospitals, and other public facilities.
Social and cultural changes: Urbanization brings together people from diverse backgrounds, leading to the mixing of cultures, languages, and traditions. This can lead to social integration and the exchange of ideas, but it can also result in challenges related to social cohesion and cultural identity.
Environmental impact: Urbanization often leads to increased pollution, deforestation, loss of agricultural land, and the degradation of natural resources. The concentration of industries, vehicles, and human activities in cities can contribute to air and water pollution, as well as the generation of waste and greenhouse gas emissions.
Economic growth and opportunities: Urban areas are often centers of economic activity, attracting investments, and businesses, and providing employment opportunities. Urbanization can stimulate economic growth and contribute to the overall development of a region or country.
Social services and quality of life: Urbanization can improve access to essential services such as education, healthcare, sanitation, and clean water. Cities usually offer a wider range of amenities, entertainment options, cultural events, and recreational facilities, enhancing the overall quality of life for residents.
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Using 2-3 sentences summarize what you investigated and observed in this lab.
Astronomers use a wide variety of technology to explore space and the electromagnetic spectrum; why do you believe it is essential to use many types of equipment when studying space?
If carbon was the most comment element found in the moons and planets what element is missing that would make them similar to earth? Explain why. (Hint: Think about the carbon cycle.)
We knows that the electromagnetic spectrum uses wavelengths and frequencies to determine a lot about outer space. How does it help us find out the makeup of stars?
Why might it be useful to determine the elements that a planet or moon is made up of?
1. Because different instruments and procedures are created to detect and investigate various phenomena, astronomers use a wide range of techniques to explore space. Each piece of technology provides different capabilities and insights into the universe.
2. If carbon were the most prevalent element on the Moon and planets, hydrogen would be the component that distinguishes them from Earth. The most abundant element in the universe, hydrogen is essential to the carbon cycle.
3. By examining the precise wavelengths and frequencies of light emitted or absorbed by stars, the electromagnetic spectrum aids our understanding of the structure of stars. Because each element emits or absorbs light at a particular wavelength, it has a distinct spectral fingerprint. Astronomers can determine the elements present in a star by examining the spectrum of the star's light.
4. There are various uses for knowing the elements that make up a planet or moon. First, it provides clues about the planet's history and formation. Different elements come from different sources and can explain how the planet formed through processes such as stellar nucleosynthesis or collisions with other celestial bodies. Second, the geology, atmosphere, and ability to support life on a planet are all affected by the elemental makeup.
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To move charges there needs to be a motive or
To move charges, there needs to be a motive or a driving force that facilitates the flow of electric charges through a conductor. This motive can be provided by various factors and mechanisms.
One of the primary motives for the movement of charges is the presence of an electric field. An electric field exerts a force on charged particles, causing them to move in a particular direction. This force can be generated by applying a voltage difference across a conductor, creating an electric potential difference. The charges will naturally move from an area of higher potential to an area of lower potential, driven by the electric field.
In addition to electric fields, other motives for charge movement can include electromagnetic induction, where a changing magnetic field induces a current in a conductor, and chemical reactions, such as in batteries or fuel cells, where the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy creates a motive for charge flow.
Ultimately, the motive for moving charges is provided by the presence of a force or potential difference that can overcome any resistances or obstacles in the conductor, allowing the charges to move and establish an electric current.
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Hello please I need help with these questionnaires.
1) Why do we say that the eye is a photographic device?
2) What are the organs that ensure the fragmentation of food?
3) What is the destination of the nutrients?
4) What are the organs that ensure the chemical simplification of food?
5) What is the role of the small intestine?
6) What are the fields of application of the work of Louis Pasteur?
7) Which part of the eye provides accommodation?
The reason why we say that the eye is a photographic device is that it works like a camera.
The organs that ensure the fragmentation of food is the teeth which is in the mouth .
The destination of the nutrients is bloodstream which circulate it round the body.
The organs that ensure the chemical simplification of food is digestive system.
The role of the small intestine is that it absorbs nutrients
The fields of application of the work of Louis Pasteur are biology, medicine and chemistry.
The part of the eye that provides accommodation is lens.
What is the function of the small intestine in food processing in the body?It should be noted that the the small intestine plays a vital role in the process of food digestion in the body, t can be seen as the system that help in the process of further digestion of food that has left the stomach However this intestine is the one that do absorbs nutrients.
Some of the these nutrients could be vitamins, minerals as well as carbohydrates and proteins and the absorption is for the food to be able to be useful for the body since the intestine is considered to be part of the digestive system.
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key issues relating to the management of plants as commercial crops
key issues in managing plants as commercial crops include variety selection, soil management, pest control, crop rotation, timing of operations, post-harvest management, and sustainable practices.
The management of plants as commercial crops encompasses several key issues that are crucial for their successful cultivation and profitability. farmers need to consider the selection of appropriate crop varieties or cultivars that are well-suited to the local climate, soil conditions, and market demands.
This ensures optimum yield and quality. Secondly, effective soil management practices, including soil fertility, irrigation, and pest control, are essential for maintaining plant health and preventing crop losses. Integrated pest management techniques that prioritize biological and ecological approaches over chemical inputs are increasingly favored to minimize environmental impact.
crop rotation and diversification play a vital role in managing pests, diseases, and nutrient depletion. Proper timing of planting, irrigation, and harvesting is crucial to optimize yield and quality. Adequate post-harvest management, such as storage, processing, and transportation, helps maintain the value of the crops and reduce losses. the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices, such as organic farming, conservation agriculture, and precision farming, is gaining importance to ensure long-term profitability while minimizing environmental degradation.
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1 is known as the "Father of Genetics". He was the first to show how traits are 2__ from parent to offspring. He used _
3
plants
in his experiments. In this plant, the sexual reproductive structures are completely enclosed within the flower, making this plant _4__.
Sex cells (egg and sperm are called .
_5_.
6_
occurs when the
sperm fuses with the egg. The "Father of Genetics" used a process called
_7_
when he wanted to breed one plant with a different
plant. When he bred true-breeding tall plants with true-breeding dwarf plants, all of the resulting offspring were _
. But when
these hybrids were allowed to self-pollinate, it resulted in offspring that were _
_9_
and
_10_. He realized this was caused by one
11 that occurred in two contrasting forms called.
_12_
I am not sure they are right but here u go:
1. Charles Darwin
2. inherited
13. Phenotype
14. Heterozygous
15. Receive
20. Nucleus
22. Homozygous
23. Dominant
Carbohydrates _____
In the body are primarily fats
Are primarily sugars and starches
Are the most readily available source of energy for organisms
Are the largest of the four main biological macromolecules
Are primarily sugars and starches
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Scientists are optimistic about the use of gene therapy to treat genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis. If gene therapy is as successful as possible, what is its expected action and benefit for the patient?
A. Gene therapy introduces a new gene to the patient and temporarily improves the symptoms of the disorder.
B. Gene therapy deactivates the defective gene and permanently improves the symptoms of the disorder.
C. Gene therapy removes the defective gene and permanently improves the symptoms of the disorder.
D. Gene therapy replaces the defective gene and cures the patient of the disorder.
Answer:
D. Gene therapy replaces the defective gene and cures the patient of the disorder.
Explanation:
Which organisms undergo photosynthesis? Illustration of a reproductive structure produced by some fungi. Photograph of a round orange-colored fruit that grows on a tree. It has dark spots on its orange peel. Photograph of living things that grow from the soil. Photograph of a star fish, represented as a marine invertebrate with spiny skin and five arms surrounding a central disk-shaped body resting on coral reef in deep water. Close-up view of a palm tree with a single straight trunk having a large, nut-like fruit on it.
Organisms that undergo photosynthesis are typically autotrophic, meaning they can produce their own food using energy from sunlight. This includes plants, algae, and some types of bacteria.
A reproductive structure produced by some fungi is a mushroom. Mushrooms are the fruiting bodies of fungi, and they produce spores for reproduction. The cap of the mushroom is often the most noticeable part, and it can have a wide range of colors and shapes.
The round orange-colored fruit that grows on a tree and has dark spots on its peel is likely an orange. Oranges are a type of citrus fruit that grow on trees in warm climates. They are a good source of vitamin C and are commonly eaten as a snack or used in cooking and baking.
Living things that grow from the soil can include a wide range of organisms, such as plants, fungi, and bacteria. It's difficult to say exactly what is being referred to without more information or a specific image.
A starfish, also known as a sea star, is a marine invertebrate with spiny skin and five arms surrounding a central disk-shaped body. They are found in a variety of ocean habitats and are known for their ability to regenerate lost limbs.
The large, nut-like fruit on a palm tree is likely a coconut. Coconuts grow on palm trees and are a common source of food and drink in many tropical regions. They are also used in a variety of products, such as coconut oil and coconut milk.
what layer of the earth is made up of tectonic plates?
Answer:
The lithosphere.
Explanation:
The moon and sun appear to move in the sky this is due to
Answer:
The Correct answer is due to the rotation of the earth around its axis
Use the words given to make sentences about the effects of some pollutants on the marine
environment and solutions to tackle them.
You may have to change the word forms to make a grammatically correct sentence.
1
chemical waste / industrial activities / discharge / water bodies, / which/ damage / aquatic ecosystems.
2. large piece / plastic debris / could / cause/ocean creatures / entangled / or / severe /
injured.
Help me
1. Chemical waste generated from industrial activities is often discharged into water bodies, causing significant damage to aquatic ecosystems.
2. The presence of large pieces of plastic debris in the ocean can result in the entanglement or severe injury of ocean creatures.
1. The discharge of such waste poses a threat to the delicate balance of marine life, leading to water pollution, reduced oxygen levels, and the destruction of habitats for various organisms.
The accumulation of these pollutants can disrupt the reproductive cycles of marine species, harm their immune systems, and ultimately threaten their survival.
To tackle this issue, industries must implement stricter waste management protocols, including proper treatment and disposal methods for chemical waste.
Additionally, governments and regulatory bodies should enforce and monitor compliance with environmental regulations to prevent the discharge of harmful substances into water bodies.
2. Marine animals such as turtles, seals, and seabirds often mistake plastic debris for food or become entangled in discarded fishing nets and other debris. This can lead to suffocation, drowning, or physical injuries that impair their ability to feed, reproduce, or move freely.
To address this problem, initiatives aimed at reducing plastic waste, promoting recycling, and raising awareness about the importance of proper waste disposal are crucial.
Implementing stricter regulations on single-use plastics, supporting beach and ocean cleanup programs, and encouraging the use of sustainable alternatives are effective solutions to tackle the harmful impact of plastic debris on marine life.
Education and public engagement are also essential to foster a sense of responsibility and promote a more sustainable approach to plastic usage and disposal.
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Doing The Activity Make a list of activities that take place on brest land,like hiking, fishing, hunting, eading, taking pictures, camping, rock limbing, skiing, snow- mobiling, logging, razing, or mining. Think about how any of mese activities would conflict with each other done on the same piece of land. Discuss these questions: Which activities ould cost the most to provide on forest land? Which would bring the most visitors? Which activities would cost the most to provide on forest land Which would have the greatest impact on the forest ecosystem? On the wildlife there? Would this effect be permanent or temporary? Which would cause fragmentation? Which would provide for society's most critical needs?
Activities that take place on forest land can vary greatly and may include hiking, fishing, hunting, reading, taking pictures, camping, rock climbing, skiing, snowmobiling, logging, grazing, or mining. Here's a discussion of the questions you raised:
1. Cost to provide on forest land: Activities like logging, mining, and skiing/snowmobiling typically require infrastructure development, equipment, maintenance, and personnel, making them relatively expensive to provide on forest land.
2. Attracting visitors: Hiking, camping, fishing, and wildlife viewing tend to attract a significant number of visitors due to their accessibility, affordability, and recreational appeal.
3. Impact on forest ecosystem and wildlife: Logging, mining, and grazing have the greatest impact on the forest ecosystem. Logging involves the removal of trees, potentially altering the forest structure and disrupting habitats. Mining can lead to soil erosion, habitat destruction, and water pollution. Grazing by livestock can degrade vegetation and impact native wildlife habitats.
4. Duration of the impact: The impact of activities like logging, mining, and grazing can have long-term or even permanent effects on the forest ecosystem, particularly if they are not carried out sustainably or with proper mitigation measures.
5. Fragmentation: Activities like logging and mining can cause fragmentation by creating clearings or dividing the land into smaller patches. This fragmentation can disrupt wildlife movement, alter ecological connectivity, and reduce biodiversity.
6. Meeting critical societal needs: While activities like logging and mining may provide resources and contribute to economic needs, activities such as hiking, fishing, and wildlife conservation fulfill critical societal needs related to recreation, nature appreciation, and environmental conservation.
It's important to consider a balanced approach to land use planning and management, taking into account the diverse interests and impacts associated with various activities. This involves considering sustainable practices, mitigating negative impacts, and protecting the long-term health and integrity of forest ecosystems and wildlife populations.
QUESTION 8 Why transport system in animals is more complicated than plants?
Answer:
The transport system in animals is more complex than in plants due to several reasons:
Specialized Circulatory System: Animals have a well-developed circulatory system, which includes a heart, blood vessels, and blood. This system is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other vital substances throughout the body. In contrast, plants primarily rely on passive transport mechanisms, such as diffusion and osmosis, to move water, minerals, and nutrients through their tissues.
Active Movement: Animals can move from one location to another, which requires a more efficient and rapid transport system. They need to distribute oxygen and nutrients to their cells to support energy production and remove waste products like carbon dioxide. The complexity of animal bodies, including tissues, organs, and systems, necessitates a specialized transport system to deliver essential substances to all parts of the organism.
Increased Metabolic Demands: Animals typically have higher metabolic rates compared to plants. This increased metabolic activity generates more waste products that need to be eliminated. Animals also require a continuous supply of oxygen for respiration, which necessitates an efficient transport system to deliver oxygen to their tissues. Additionally, animals need to regulate their body temperature, which requires the distribution of heat throughout the body.
Specialized Organs and Tissues: Animals have specialized organs and tissues that perform specific functions, such as the lungs for gas exchange, the digestive system for nutrient absorption, and the kidneys for waste removal. These organs require a well-developed transport system to supply them with the necessary substances and remove waste products efficiently.
Rapid Response to Environmental Changes: Animals often need to respond quickly to changes in their environment, such as predators, prey, or changing resource availability. A complex transport system allows for rapid circulation of signals, hormones, and nutrients to enable swift responses to external stimuli.
Blood Cell Specialization: Animals have specialized blood cells, such as red blood cells for oxygen transport and white blood cells for immune response. These cells require a circulatory system to transport them to the appropriate sites within the body, where they perform their functions.
Explanation:
The dog are an example of what type of , because the flea irritates the dogs skin and feeds on it blood
Answer: parasite
Explanation: I dont know what word was supposed to come after "of", but judging by all the surrounding words, its seems that the answer is parasite. Hope this helps!
The Serengeti plains are part of the African savanna ecosystem and are home to a variety of different species of plants and animals. The Serengeti plains experience a seven-month period of seasonal drought each year, during which the ecosystem receives only four inches of rain and the availability of some resources becomes very scarce.
Which type of limiting factors does the seasonal drought in the Serengeti plains affect?
• density-independent factors
• density-dependent factors
O population-dependent factors
• population-independent factors
Population-dependent factors such as water as the limiting factors in Serengeti plains. The Serengeti Plains is the most well-known savannah region in Africa. The Serengeti is a tremendous, undulating plain that extends 30,000 square kilometers from Kenya's Maasai-Mara game save to Tanzania's Serengeti Public Park.
Serengeti public park is comprised of generally savannah and this park of Savannah scene are the meadows, fields, swamps, and kopjes. Savannah is a semi-parched land, from forests to open meadows and all combinations of trees in the middle between.
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Pikas grow thick fur in winter, and their small bodies conserve heat. Kangaroo rats
do not sweat, and oily fur helps them conserve moisture. They get water from seeds.
Predict what would happen if a pika and a kangaroo rat switched environments.
What most likely caused the problem involving the serum albumin protein?
Answer: its mostly caused by a mutation in the animals DNA
Explanation:
Which type of light is least useful for photosynthesis in terrestrial plants?
Answer:
Green light is least useful for photosynthesis in terrestrial plants.
Describe the roles of the pituitary gland and blood vessels in coordinating growth in an organism
Answer:
The hormones are released into the bloodstream by the pituitary gland and then travel through the blood vessels until they reach the various organs they have an effect on.
Explanation:
for example, stimulates the thyroid gland to increase or reduce the production of thyroid hormones, depending on how much is needed.
Answer:
The pituitary gland is responsible for producing and secreting various hormones that regulate growth in an organism. One of the primary hormones involved in this process is called growth hormone, which stimulates the growth and division of cells throughout the body. This hormone is regulated by other hormones and growth factors, which are produced in response to signals from the brain and other organs.
To ensure that these hormones reach their target tissues and organs, the body relies on a network of blood vessels. These vessels carry the hormones and other signaling molecules to their destinations, allowing them to interact with the cells and tissues that need them. Blood vessels also play a key role in delivering nutrients and other essential molecules to the cells involved in growth and development.
Overall, the pituitary gland and blood vessels work together to coordinate growth in an organism. The pituitary gland produces and releases the hormones that initiate and regulate this process, while blood vessels transport these hormones and other essential molecules throughout the body to ensure that growth occurs in an orderly and coordinated manner.
Explanation:
Where does the Completion digestion occurs
Answer:
The completion digestion of food occurs primarily in the small intestine. After partially digested food passes from the stomach to the small intestine, it undergoes further breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
The small intestine is the main site for enzymatic digestion and nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It has specialized structures called villi and microvilli that increase the surface area for efficient absorption.
Enzymes secreted by the pancreas and the small intestine itself, such as lipase, amylase, and proteases, further break down complex molecules into simpler forms for absorption into the bloodstream.
The small intestine plays a crucial role in the final stages of digestion and nutrient absorption in the human body.
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Different kinds of substances have different properties. Compare and contrast the electrical properties of salts, metals, and acids.
Salts, metals, and acids are three different types of substances exhibiting unique electrical properties.
Thus, salts are ionic compounds and exhibit electrical properties as they have both positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. They can dissociate in solution into their constituent ions to conduct electricity, but they can not conduct electricity in the solid state.
Like salts, metals also conduct electricity due to their free-moving electrons. They have high electrical conductivity and are used in electrical wiring and other applications. Acids release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water which allows them to conduct electricity because the hydrogen ions move freely and carry an electrical charge when acids are dissolved in water, thereby, exhibiting electrical properties.
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The amount of cortex in the postcentral gyrus devoted to a given body region is proportional to ___________; the amount of cortex in the precentral gyrus devoted to a given body region is proportional to ___________.
1) How richly innervated & sensitive that region is; the # of muscles & motor units in that region
2) The # of muscles & motor units in that region; how richly innervated & sensitive that region is
3) The size of the body region; the size of the body region
4) The # of receptors in that body region; the # of receptors in that body region
The amount of cortex in the postcentral gyrus devoted to a given body region is proportional to how richly innervated and sensitive that region is; the amount of cortex in the precentral gyrus devoted to a given body region is proportional to the # of muscles & motor units in that region, option 1 is correct.
The postcentral gyrus, located in the parietal lobe, is responsible for processing sensory information, including touch, pressure, temperature, and pain, from different parts of the body.
The amount of cortex in the postcentral gyrus devoted to a particular body region is proportional to the density of sensory receptors and the complexity of neural pathways that convey sensory information from that region to the brain, option 1 is correct.
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Parathyroid hormone (PTH):
(A) Increases plasma calcium (Ca2+) concentration.
(B) Promotes Ca2+ release from bone.
(C) Stimulates Ca2+ absorption across the walls of the small intestine.
(D) Stimulates Ca2+ reabsorption from kidney tubules (i.e., reduces Ca2+ loss in urine).
(E) All of the above
hello
the answer to the question is E)
Answer:
(B) Promotes Ca2+ release from bone.
Explanation:
Which statement about the formation of earthquakes is true?
1.Earthquakes often form at plate boundaries.
2.Earthquakes form randomly from changes in Earth's interior.
3.Earthquakes always form in the middles of plates, far from boundaries.
4.Earthquakes form from underground weathering and erosion.
The statement "Earthquakes often form at plate boundaries" is true about the formation of earthquakes.
What are the causes of earthquakes?The root cause behind earthquakes lies within tectonic plate action. Whenever two or more of these massive pieces of Earths surface clash together or slide parallel to each other it sometimes results in them becoming wedged together - thereby increasing stress at their touchpoints until they abruptly break apart via seismic energy release.
This process creates seismic waves which travel outward from their epicenter through our planets surface while causing local vibrations along the way.
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Where does the water gets absorbed from undigested food
The large intestine absorbs the water in food when it reaches it.