what type of bond is found in chlorine molecules​

Answer:

D

Explanation:

there is no new substance formed

The reactivity of an element depends upon the number of valence electrons, i.e., the electrons present in the outermost shell.

The number of electrons withinside the outermost shell of an atom determines its reactivity. Noble gases have low reactivity due to the fact they've complete electron shells. Halogens are extraordinarily reactive due to the fact they with ease advantage an electron to fill their outermost shell. Non-reactive metal atoms have whole outer shells and therefore do now no longer generally tend to lose, advantage, or percentage electrons. So, all factors having a crammed outermost shell are non-reactive. They also are referred to as noble gases. An element's reactivity is decided via way of means of the number of protons determined in an atom of the element.

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Answer:

decomposition reaction

The fluid-filled interior compartment of the thylakoid network is referred to as the: Lumen

The thylakoid lumen is an aqueous phase that is continuously enclosed by the thylakoid membrane. It is essential for photophosphorylation during photosynthetic activity. Protons are hyped across the thylakoids into the lumen during the light-dependent reaction, making it acidic down to pH 4. The lumen in the chloroplast is referred to as the stroma. The stroma is the whitish fluid that surrounds the grana (thylakoids stacks) within the chloroplast. A lumen is the chloroplast membrane that surrounds space. Light energy is captured by photosystems found in thylakoid membranes. The thylakoid membrane contains enzymes required for photosynthesis's light-dependent reactions. Hydrogen ions are pumped into the thylakoid space, or lumen, during these reactions.The thylakoid space has an acidic pH due to the high concentration of hydrogen ions.

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Many of these, including cheese, gelatin, and various inks, are commonplace. Like the other classes, mixtures of solids and liquids may be separated in many ways.

science has been actively involved in the pursuit of this goal since it is crucial for a variety of liquids. When two or more distinct substances physically join, a mixture is produced that can be dispersed back into its constituent parts. a bowl of various candies, a pile of various leaves, steel, and sugar syrup A gelatin is any two or more different types of particles together. These particles are physically bound together rather than reacting chemically with one another. Two or more reactants are changed into one or more separate products during a chemical reaction. Alternately, we might assume that a chemical reaction rearranges the atoms of the reactants to create new products.

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The theoretical yield of a reaction is 5.00 moles of potassium permanganate . If the reaction actually produces 616.2 g KMnO₄ ,  the percent yield of the reaction is 78 %.

given that :

the theoretical yield of the reaction = 5 mol

mass of the potassium permanganate = 616.2 g

molar mass of the potassium permanganate = 158 g /mol

moles of the  KMnO₄ = mass / molar mass

                                   = 616.2 / 158

                                   = 3.9 moles

the percent yield = ( experimental yield / theoretical yield ) × 100 %

                              = ( 3.9 / 5 ) ×100 %

                              = 78 %

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(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon in order to remove any impurities or contaminants that might be present on the surface of the ribbon. These impurities could interfere with the burning process or alter the final products of the reaction.

(b) After burning, it is likely that an ash or residue was observed in the crucible.

(c) The increase in mass may be due to the production of new products during the burning process. These products may include magnesium oxide, which is a white solid, or other compounds formed through the reaction of magnesium with oxygen.

(d) The equation for the reaction that took place in the crucible is:

2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO

(e) When the product in the crucible is shaken with water, it is likely that any soluble products, such as magnesium hydroxide, will dissolve in the water. The remaining solid material can then be filtered out, leaving a solution containing the dissolved products.

The magnesium ribbon was cleaned to remove any impurities that could affect the reaction. After burning magnesium in oxygen, the resulting product is magnesium oxide, and the mass increases because the magnesium combines with the oxygen. The reaction equation is 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO.

(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon with steel wool to remove any surface oxidation or impurities that could affect the reaction.
(b) After burning, an observation that could be made in the crucible would be a white ash-like substance, which is magnesium oxide.
(c) There was an increase in mass because when magnesium reacts with oxygen, it gains mass as it combines with the oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
(d) The equation for the reaction is: 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
(e) When the product in the crucible was shaken with water and filtered, this procedure would typically be used to isolate the product from any remaining unreacted magnesium or other reaction by-products.

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4-methyl-2-pentene s the expected major organic product from treatment of 4-methyl-2-pentyne with sodium metal in liquid ammonia.

The process includes hydrogenation of an alkyne to an alkene in liquid ammonia using sodium metal. This is a particular reaction that leads in the creation of trans alkene.  Alkynes are hydrocarbons with triple carbon-carbon bonds. For molecules with a single triple bond, their typical formula is CnH2n-2 (and no rings).

A number of the same reactions occur in alkynes as in alkenes, but they can react twice due to the existence of two p-bonds inside the triple bond. When sodium dissolves into liquid ammonia (boiling point -33 °C), it turns a vivid blue. When there are alkynes present, they have reduced to a trans (i.e. E) alkene.

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To solve this we must be knowing each and every concept related to ecosystem. Therefore, the maximum number of species that a system can safely support determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem.

An ecosystem is the fundamental fundamental unit of such an environment where living and nonliving creatures interact with one another, both of which are essential for the continuation of life on Earth.

The maximum number of species that a system can safely support is known as carrying capacity. The ability of an ecosystem to replenish the food, water, environment, or other essentials that populations have to thrive are just a few examples of the numerous variables that may affect an ecosystem's carrying capacity of a specific species.

Therefore, the maximum number of species that a system can safely support determines the carrying capacity in an ecosystem.

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There are two isotopes of bromine atom⁷⁹Br, ⁸¹Br.

a) Each peak originates from a different isotope of bromine. Each peak is composed of a different isotope of bromine. The mass of each isotope is the sum of the masses of the two atoms in the molecule. The average molecular weight of Br_ molecules is 36.184 g/mol.

b) The isotope of bromine has an atomic weight of 78.92 amu and a relative abundance of 50.69. The other major isotope of bromine has an atomic mass of 80.92 amu and a relative abundance of 49.31.

c) The average molecular mass of a [tex]Br_{2}[/tex] = 159.8066274.

d) The average atomic mass of Bromine is found to be. 9 u or 79.9 g mol⁻¹.

e) Bromine has two stable isotopes, ⁷⁹Br and ⁸¹Br, having relative mass abundances of 50.686% and 49.314%

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The required moles of oxygen is 10.0 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] (Oxygen) is required to roast 10.0 mol of CuS (copper(I) sulfide).

Because the Sulphur absorbs the impurities as fumes and reacts with the remaining ore to produce Copper metal by auto-reduction, the ore is partially roasted.

[tex]Cu_2S.Fe_2S_3+O_2→Cu_2S+2FeS+SO_2[/tex]

[tex]Cu_2S+3O_2→Cu_2O+2SO_2[/tex]

Sulfide ore is heated by a heat source in the presence of air during the roasting process. The ore or ore concentrate is treated with very well-liked air during roasting. This method is frequently used when processing sulfide ores. The sulfide that is present during roasting is changed into oxide and emitted as sulfur dioxide, a gas.

Roasting's primary purposes are to eliminate volatile impurities and oxidize the ore by turning it into oxide.

A significant copper resource is COPPER-PYRITES, often known as chalcopyrite, which is a copper iron sulfide (CuFeS2).

To roast 10.0 mol of copper(I) sulfide (CuS), the balanced equation is CuS + O2 → CuO + SO2.

For every mole of CuS that reacts, one mole of O2 is consumed. Therefore, 10.0 mol of [tex]O_2[/tex] is required to roast 10.0 mol of CuS.

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Heat engine is a system that converts thermal energy into a form of useful mechanical or electrical energy.

In thermodynamics, the heat engine is a system which is able to convert the heat or thermal energy into mechanical or electrical energy which can be used in order to perform mechanical work. This is achieved by bringing the a particular working substance to a lower state temperature from a higher state temperature.

There are a different types of heat engines in which the Carnot engine possesses the maximum efficiency. Some examples of heat engines are firearms, thermal power station etc.

Hence, the correct option is b. heat engine.

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54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation. 136 grams of Al2O3 form from 64.0 g O2.

The term molar mass is defined as the the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance of any sample of that compound. The molar mass is denoted by the symbol "M".

M = m / n

Molar Mass of O₂ is 32 g/mol

Molar Mass is Al₂O₃ is 102 g/mol

4 Al + 3 O₂ ⇒ 2 Al₂O₃

64.0 g O₂           1 mole           2 moles Al₂O₃            102 g

-----------------  x  --------------  x  ------------------------  x   -------------  

                            32 g               3 moles O₂             1 mole

=  136 g Al₂O₃

Thus,54.0g Al reacts with 64.0g O2 to form Al2O3 according to the equation. 136 grams of Al2O3 form from 64.0 g O2.

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The ma le repr0 ductive system includes made up of internal organs such as the prostate gland, vas deferens, as well as ure thra as well as external geni talia like the pe nis, tes tes, as well as scrot um.

The health of something like the male reproductive system and the hormo nes secreted by the brain determine a man's fertility as well as sexual characteristics.

The human reproductive system would be the organ system primarily charged of creating and fertilizing gametes (eggs but rather sperm) as well as carrying a fetus. The gonads of both se xes create gametes.

The ov aries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, as well as vagina are all parts of the female repro ductive system. It comprises the pe nis, prostate, as well as tes tes in men.

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3 grams of Cu = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms of copper.

Answer:

2.84 × 10^22 atoms

Explanation:

To calculate the number of atoms in 3 grams of Cu, we can use avogadro's constant where:

[tex]1 \: mole = 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \: atoms[/tex]

Firstly, we have to calculate the number of moles in 3 grams of Cu. The formula to calculate moles is:

[tex]moles = \frac{mass}{molar \: mass} [/tex]

the mass = 3g and the molar mass = 63.55 (this value can be found in the periodic table)

Substitute the values in formula:

[tex]moles = \frac{3}{63.55} [/tex]

[tex]moles = 0.0472[/tex]

Now use the number of moles to convert to atoms using avogadro's number, where x is the unknown number of atoms we want to find:

[tex]1 \: mole : 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \: atoms[/tex]

[tex]0.0472 \: moles : x \: atoms[/tex]

Cross multiply and equate to solve for x:

[tex]1 \times x = 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \times 0.0472[/tex]

[tex]x = 6.02 \times 10 {}^{23} \times 0.0472[/tex]

[tex]x = 2.84 \times 10 {}^{22} \: rounded \: to \: 3sf[/tex]

Hence, there are 2.84 × 10^22 atoms in 3 grams of Cu

Period. As you move from either the left to the right, reactivity rises. Group reactivity diminishes from top to bottom.

As you move from left toward right across a period, responsiveness declines. Higher reactivity is caused by the ease with which electrons can be given or snatched away as you move further to the left as well as along the periodic chart.

This is because the size of both the atomic radius expands as the quantity of electronic energy does. reducing the attractiveness of other elements' valence electrons lowers reactivity.

It happens because there are more valence shells and less interaction among valence pairs of electrons. Consequently, the propensity to take electrons from some of the other atoms declines. Atoms get more electronegative as they move through a period.

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The compound is Glucose.

C: 40 g divided by 12 g per mol equals 3.333 mol

H: 6.72 g/mol (1 g) = 6.72 mol

O: 53.28 g/mol (16 g) = 3.33 mol

Subtract the lesser amount of moles.

C: 3.333 / 3.33 = 1.00

H: 6.72 / 3.33 = 2.02 ≈ 2

O: 3.33/3.33 = 1.00

Statistical method

The empirical formula's molar mass is 12 g/mol + 2*1 g/mol + 16 g/mol = 30 g/,ol.

180 g/mol / 30 g/mol = 6 times the mass of the empirical formula is contained in the molar mass.

The empirical formula of compound is six times the molecular formula.

=>[tex]C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}[/tex]

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The structure of maleic acid is H2C=CH2 with a double bond between two hydrogen atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms in the three carbon chain.

H3C-C=C-COOH

\ /

H2C=CH2

1. Draw a three carbon chain with a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms

H3C-C=C-COOH

2. Add two hydrogen atoms to the second carbon atom

H3C-C=CH2-COOH

3. Draw a double bond between the two hydrogen atoms

H2C=CH2-COOH

H2C=CH2

      \  /

H3C-C=C-COOH

The structure of maleic acid is H2C=CH2 with a double bond between two hydrogen atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms in the three carbon chain.

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Answer:

4. Double replacement

Explanation:

The generic equation shows that two compounds are being swapped, which is an indication of a double substitution reaction.

Correct answer double replacement.

So the correct answer is D) Double replacement.

Answer: Pitcher plant have adapted themselves to live in poor nutriet soil As they are carnivorous and feed on the insects is the major adptation for them as they does not have proper nutrients,availabilty for the growth.

Explanation:

Beta decay occurs with a half-life of 25 minutes for the iodine isotope with mass number 128. For this procedure, 3→Te + iB is the balanced nuclear reaction.

Isotopes are two or more atom types that share the same atomic number (number of protons in their nuclei) and position in the periodic table (and, therefore, belong to the same chemical element). However, isotopes have different nucleon numbers (mass numbers) because they have varying numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. All isotopes of a given element have nearly identical chemical properties, but they differ in terms of atomic mass and physical characteristics.

The word "isotope" is derived from the Greek words isos, which means "equal," and topos, which means "place," meaning "the same location." The name refers to the fact that different isotopes of the same element occupy the same spot on the periodic table.

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The specific heat capacity of the substance, given that the subtance changes temperature from 35.0 °C to 65.0 °C when it absorb 15000 J of energy is 50 J/gºC

We'll begin by obtaining the change in the temperature of the substance.etails below:

ΔT = T₂ - T₁

ΔT = 65 - 35

ΔT = 30 °C

Finally, we shall determine the specific heat capacity of the substance. Details below:

Q = MCΔT

15000 = 10 × C × 30

15000 = 300 × C

Divide both sides by 300

C = 15000 / 300

C = 50 J/gºC

Thus, the specific heat capacity of the substance is 50 J/gºC

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corkscrew-shaped ridge

The screw’s applied force (output force) is always larger than the screw’s applied force (input force). As a result, a screw’s mechanical advantage is always larger than one.Screws are a type of basic machine. They have a thread, which is a corkscrew-shaped ridge wrapped around a cylinder. When driving in a screw, the head is particularly designed to allow a screwdriver or wrench to hold the screw.

Another sort of inclined plane is the screw. When an inclined plane wraps around a straight rod-like structure, a spirally grooved surface with a pointed end is generated. It serves to keep things together.

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The student collected data on the mass of each artificial cell. The student predicted that the cell in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours. The student's prediction would be correct.

The artificial cell placed in the beaker with 25% sugar solution would likely have the greatest change in mass after 24 hours because of osmosis.

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration. In this case, the artificial cell has a semi-permeable membrane that allows water to pass through, but not sugar.

The 25% sugar solution in the beaker is less concentrated than the sugar solution inside the artificial cell, so water will move from the beaker into the cell, causing the cell to swell and increase in mass.

On the other hand, the artificial cells in the beakers with 0% and 12.5% sugar solutions will have less of a change in mass as the solution outside of the cell is more concentrated than inside the cell.

Therefore, the correct answer is as given above

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The  statement which best explains why the atomic theory developed efficiently is that scientists had used creativity and the scientific method in their investigations regarding the atom.

An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter which forms an element. Every form of matter whether solid,liquid , gas consists of atoms . Each atom has a nucleus which is composed of protons and neutrons and shells in which the electrons revolve.

The protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral and hence the nucleus is positively charged. The electrons which revolve around the nucleus are negatively charged and hence the atom as a whole is neutral and stable due to presence of oppositely charged particles.

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Answer: the answer is B

Explanation: just did it hope it helps

Answer:

Explanation:

Mass the fluid, find its volume, and divide mass by volume. To mass the fluid, weigh it in a container, pour it out, weigh the empty container, and subtract the mass of the empty container from the full container. To find the volume of the fluid, you simply measure it very carefully in a graduated cylinder.

Two covalent bonds are formed by oxygen to complete their octet.

An electron exchange that results in the formation of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond. Bonding pairs or sharing pairs are the names given to these electron pairs. Covalent bonding is the stable equilibrium of the attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons.

In chemistry, an octet is an arrangement of eight electrons in the outer electron shell of a noble gas atom. The relative inertness of noble gases and the chemical behaviour of several other elements are attributed to this structure.

The chemical element oxygen has an atomic number of 8. (it has eight protons in its nucleus). At normal temperatures and pressures, oxygen transforms into the chemical compound (O2) of two atoms, which is a colourless gas.

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Chemical: Wear the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and an apron or lab coat.

Chemistry is the scientific study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially at the atomic and molecular levels.

Use the chemical in a well-ventilated area.

Follow safety instructions and product labeling instructions precisely.
Avoid breathing vapors or mists of the chemical.
Immediately wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water after contact with the chemical.
Store the chemical in a secure location away from food, drink, and other materials.
Dispose of the chemical properly.

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